Prices Realised

British Solomon Islands: 1914-23 3d. purple on pale yellow, used on 1923 (June 23) Burns Philp Line envelope from Tulagi to Wollstonecroft, Sydney, fine and scarce. Photo.

British Solomon Islands: 1946 Victory set perforated ''SPECIMEN'' type D21, in vertical pairs with full original gum, fine and scarce in multiples. S.G. 73s, 74s. Photo.

British Solomon Islands: A mainly mint collection on stock pages, mint incl. 1907 to 1s., 1908-11 and 1914-23 to 5s., 1922-31 to 10s., 1939-51 to 10s. as singles and in marginal or corner blocks of four (less 41/2d.), 1940 Postage Dues set, etc., later with issues to 1970, also 1914-23 £1 used, ship cancellations with 1d. used with straight line ''LAMBANG'' and ''OPULU'', booklets with 1959 4s., 11s., 1960-64 5s. and £1, also a copy of ''The Stamps and Postal History of the Solomon Islands'' published by the P.I.S.C., mostly fine. (approx. 200)

British Solomon Islands: A mint collection to 1951 incl. 1907 Large Canoe set to 1s., 1908-11 to 5s., 1914-23 to 10s. incl. 5s. shade, 1922-31 to 10s., 1939-51 to 10s., 1949 Silver Wedding 2d. with 'pocket handkerchief' flaw, 1940 postage due set, etc., varied condition, mainly fine. (94)

British Solomon Islands: A mint Q.E.II collection in two binders, from 1953 to 2006, mostly unmounted, incl. 1956-63 to £1, miniature sheets, etc., fine. (100s)

Cook Islands: 1924-27 4d black and brown complete sheet of the imperforate plate proof, on unwatermarked wove paper, without gum, fine and uncommon in a complete sheet. S.G. 84P. Photo.

Cook Islands: A mint collection to 1954 incl. 1892 to 21/2d., 1893-1900 perf. 12 x 111/2 to 10d., perf. 11 to 1s. with most shades, 1902 to 1s. (less 10d.), 1919 mixed perf. pairs, 1921-23 postal fiscals to £1, 1926 postal fiscals to £1, 1931-32 postal fiscals to £1, 1932 to 1s. with most perfs., 1936-44 to £1, 1943-54 to £5 with some wmk. varieties, 1944-46 to 3s., etc., varied condition, mainly fine with some unmounted. (180 items)

Cook Islands: Aitutaki: A mint selection incl. 1903-11 perf. 11 to 1s. (2, shades), 1911-16 to 1s., 1917-18 21/2d. to 1s. mixed perf. pairs, etc., varied condition, mainly fine. (42 items)

Fiji: 1876-77 laid paper 6d. rose, a used upper marginal block of fifteen (3 x 5) on large piece from Levuka to San Francisco, cancelled by 'sunbust' obliterator, a few bends or wrinkles and peripheral imperfections, with additional 6d. and 1877 4d. on 3d. mauve (both damaged) at lower part of piece, a remarkable multiple from this difficult issue. S.G. 33. Photo.

Fiji: 1915-19 ''WAR STAMP'' 1/2d. yellow-green, variety overprint inverted, mint, minor tone on gum, otherwise fine and scarce. S.G. 138b, cat. £650. Photo.

Fiji: A Q.V. to K.G.VI mint collection incl. 1871 1d. and 3d., 1876-77 wove paper 2d. on 3d., 6d. (2), laid paper 2d. on 3d. and 6d., 1881-99 1s. (6, various perfs.), 1882 5s., 1891-1902 range of perfs., K.E.VII sets complete (1903 £1 with tone spot on reverse), 1912-23 dies and shades to both £1, 1922-27 to 5s. (less 1/4d. and 1s.), 1938-55 to £1 with dies and perfs., postage dues incl. 1940 set, etc., varied condition, mainly fine with some unmounted. (174)

Fiji: Postage Dues: 1918 (June) 1/2d. to 4d. set overprinted ''SPECIMEN'' (Samuel type D12), very fine with large part gum. S.G. D6s-10s, cat. £160.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: 1971 (May) 3c. variety watermark Crown to right of CA, fine unmounted mint, rare, S.G. 175w, unpriced, EC GEL350a, cat. £750. Photo.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: 1971 (May) 4c. variety watermark Crown to right of CA, unmounted mint, slight climatic toning, rare, S.G. 176w, unpriced, EC GEL352a, cat. £750. Photo.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: A used collection in a binder, complete for basic issues from 1911 Overprints set to 1949 U.P.U set (less 1924 £1), later with issues to the 1970s, incl. wide range of Island cancellations with Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Beru, Butaritani, Fanning Island, Gardner, Hull Island, Kuria, Marakei, Nonouti, Ocean Island, Onotoa, Sydney Island, Tamana, etc., some on piece, also two examples of the oval grid dumb cancellation on piece, 1940 Postage due set, a selection of literature incl. two copies of the ''Philatelic Handbook of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands'' by Vernon, mainly fine. (100s)

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: A collection in two albums, complete for mint issues from 1911 overprints to 1975 Cowries, also incl. some multiples, 1940 Postage Dues set, etc., later issues unmounted, mostly fine. (100s)

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: A selection overprinted or perforated ''SPECIMEN'', comprising 1911 Overprint set (toning), 1911 1/2d. to 21/2d., 1912-24 to £1, 1918 War Tax 1d., 1922-27 1/2d. to 2d., 1935 Silver Jubilee set and 1939-55 values to 1s., mainly fine with gum. (45)

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: A K.E.VII to K.G.VI mint collection incl. 1911 overprints to 1s., 1912-24 to 5s., 1922-27 to 10s., 1939-55 to 5s. with most shades, 1940 postage due set, etc., varied condition, mainly fine. (69)

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: A selection of mint multiples from 1939 to 1972, incl. 1939-55 to 5s. mainly in imprint blocks of four, 1956-62 to 10s. in marginal pairs, etc., mostly unmounted, fine. (100s)

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: A collection of Island cancellations on cover in a binder, K.G.V. to early Q.E.II, incl. Beru, Butaritari, Canton Island with 1937 (June 8) N.Z. Solar Eclipse Expedition envelope to New Jersey bearing 1c. pair cancelled ''U.S.S. AVOCET/CANTON/ISLAND'' at 8*03AM, 1954 (May 15) Qantas air service envelope to Sydney bearing 3d., 6d. and 1s. tied type 33 cancellation, examples of type 37 (2) and type 44 U.S. Army Postal Service and type 39 U.S. Navy cancellations on cover, Christmas Island with undated envelope to Washington Island bearing K.G.V. 1/2d. pair tied type 55 cancellation, Funafuti with 1944 (Nov. 1) envelope to Sydney bearing 5d. with type C2 censor no 3, Little Makin, Nikunau, Washington Island with 1925 envelope to London bearing N.Z. 1d. cancelled type 32, 1967 'Wells' envelope to Grimsby franked Churchill 3d. cancelled type 35 Christmas Island, endorsed Washington Island, with ''FANNING ISLAND PLANTATION LTD'' cachet and signature of the manager, etc., mainly fine. (70 items)

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Abemama: 1913 (Mar. 29) registered reduced front to Christchurch bearing 1911 1/2d. to 21/2d. cancelled by straight line ''ABEMAMA.'' in blue. Photo.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Arorae: Undated 'Maude' envelope to Ocean Island with Key Plate 1d. and 11/2d. (2) tied by indistinct strikes of scarce type 11 handstamp in black. Photo.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Atafu: Undated envelope addressed to Apia, Samoa, bearing Key Plate 11/2d. tied by superb type 11 handstamp in violet (known used from 1923 to Aug. 1925), scarce. Photo.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Christmas Island: Locals: 1936 (May 28) illustrated Christmas Island envelope to San Francisco bearing 1934 4th Issue 10c., cancelled type 56 and with Oceania 30c. cancelled by scarce circular ''PACKET/BOAT'' (late use) with R.M.S. Makura c.d.s of ''14 JL 36'' alongside, fine. Photo.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Fanning Island: 1931-56 selection of covers, incl. 1931 (Nov. 6) envelope to England, franked by New Zealand 1922 2d. on 1/2d. tied by type 21 cancellation, 1944 (May 2) envelope to Auckland bearing 1/2d., 1d., 11/2d., 2d. and 21/2d. tied type 23 cancellation with type C2 censor no 1 alongside, etc. (10 items)

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Ocean Island: 1911 O.H.B.M.S. envelope, registered to Ipswich, England bearing Pine 21/2d. block of four tied type 2 cancellations, fine. Photo.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Ocean Island: 1912 to 1930s, a collection of covers sent from Ocean Island in a binder, 1937 (May 12) Coronation first day cover with on reverse manuscript ''Guaranteed genuine/Day of issues/Postmarks'' and signature, 1945 (Oct. 8) local registered envelope franked 1/2d., 1d., 11/2d. and 2d., tied circular ''POST OFFICE-OCEAN ISLAND/Gilbert & Ellice Islands Colony/8/OCT/1945'' c.d.s's, etc., mostly fine. (48)

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Ocean Island: 1912 (Sept. 26) envelope registered to Australia with Coffs Harbour arrival c.d.s., bearing 1911 Overprint 1s. cancelled type 2 and with ''OCEAN ISLAND'' straight line used as part of registration marking (no. in ms.). S.G. 7. Photo.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Sydney Island: 1939 (Jan. 11) 'Maude' envelope to Tarawa, bearing Key Plate 1/2d. pair tied by ms. ''SYDNEY ISLAND/11.1.39'' in parallel lines applied by Maude himself, with Jan. 23 arrival below. Photo.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands: Cancellations and Covers: Tarawa: Envelope endorsed ''On Active Service'' sent stampless from a Signaller to a Wren in Wellington, endorsed by his Lieutenant, and showing fine strikes of type 25 handstamp and C2 censor cachet No. 5, vertical fold. Ex Belknap. Photo.

Nauru: 1916-23 Seahorses, De La Rue 10s. pale blue, a fine and fresh mint lower marginal strip of four, with near complete original gum, some perf. separation between final stamp and selvedge at right. S.G. 23. Photo.

Nauru: 1916-23 Seahorses, De La Rue 10s. deep bright blue, very fine used. S.G. 23d, cat. £600. Photo.

Nauru: A mint collection to 1937 incl. 1916-23 to 1s. with 2d. die II, type 2 overprints to 2d., De La Rue 2s.6d. (2), 5s., Bradbury 2s.6d. (2), 1924-48 rough and shiny paper sets to 10s., etc., varied condition but mainly fine. (60)

New Guinea: German New Guinea: A used selection, incl. Germany 1891-1901 2m., 1897-99 set, 1901 2m., 3m. and 5m. (with Namatani c.d.s.), etc., varied condition. (27)

New Guinea: 1914-15 (Oct.) ''G.R.I.'', German New Guinea surcharged, 1s. on 1m. carmine (31/2mm spacing), fine mint with large part original gum, expertising marks on reverse, rare. The property of another vendor. S.G. 12, cat. £3,250. Photo.

New Guinea: ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, German New Guinea surcharged 1914 (Dec.)-15, 5mm apart 1d. on 5pf., 2d. on 10pf., 2d. on 20pf., 2½d. on 10pf., 3d. on 25pf., 3d. on 30pf., Officials 1915 1d. on 3pf., 1d. on 5pf., overprinted on Marshall Islands 1914 5mm apart 1d. on 3pf., 2d. on 20pf. (2), 2d. on 10pf., mint, also 1d. on 5pf. used, varied condition.

New Guinea: 1914-15 (Dec.) ''G.R.I.'', German New Guinea surcharged, 21/2d. on 10pf. carmine (5mm spacing), very fine used, Kosack handstamp on reverse. The property of another vendor. S.G. 20, cat. £350. Photo.

New Guinea: 1914-15 (Dec.) ''G.R.I.'', German New Guinea surcharged, 3d. on 30pf. black and orange on buff (5mm spacing), fine mint. B.P.A. certificate (1951). The property of another vendor. S.G. 23. Photo.

New Guinea: 1914-15 (Dec.) ''G.R.I.'', German New Guinea surcharged, 5d. on 50pf. black and purple on buff (5mm spacing), very fine and fresh mint displaying ''I'' with broken serifs. The property of another vendor. S.G. 25, cat. £300. Photo.

New Guinea: 1915 German New Guinea registration labels surcharged ''G.R.I./3d.'' Kawieng (serifed), a fine unused example. The property of another vendor. S.G. 42, cat. £250. Photo.

New Guinea: 1915-16 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, First Watermark, 2d. grey, Die I types a, b, c, 21/2d. die II types a, b, c, 3d. die I types a, c, 6d. die II types a, b, 9d. die II types a, b, c, 1s. die II types a, b, c, mainly fine mint. S.G. 73, 74, 76, 78, 79, 81, cat. £674+.

New Guinea: 1915-16 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, First Watermark, 21/2d. indigo, Die II, mint blocks of thirty (4) and 1918-23 Third Watermark, 21/2d. indigo, Die II in a mint block of 30, different settings and electros, mainly fine mint, many are unmounted. S.G. 74, 107.

New Guinea: 1915-16 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, First Watermark, 21/2d. die II, 3d. die I, 6d. die II, 9d. die II, 1s. die II, all in mint vertical strips of three showing types a, b and c, mainly fine. S.G. 74, 76, 78, 79, 80, cat. £746+. Photo.

New Guinea: 1915-16 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, First Watermark, 10s. grey and pink die II types a, b and c, fine mint, type a is unmounted. S.G. 84, cat. £450. Photo.

New Guinea: 1915-16 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, First Watermark, £1 brown and ultramarine, Die II, types a, b and c, mint, mainly fine. S.G. 85, cat. £1,650. Photo.

New Guinea: 1915-16 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, Third Watermark, 2d. grey, Die I and 2s. die II, in mint vertical strips of three, showing types a, b and c, fine. S.G. 94, 97, cat. £125+.

New Guinea: 1915-16 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, Third Watermark, 3d. yellow-olive, Die II vertical strip of three showing types a, b and c, fine mint. S.G. 96a, cat. £330+. Photo.

New Guinea: 1915-16 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, Third Watermark, £1 chocolate and dull blue, Die II, type b, fine mint. S.G. 99, cat. £350. Photo.

New Guinea: 1918 (May) ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, ''One Penny'' Surcharges, 1d. on 5d. and 1d. on 1s., single examples types a, b and c, mint, mainly fine. S.G. 100, 101, cat. £570.

New Guinea: 1918-23 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, Single Watermark 4d., 5d. and Third Watermark 6d., 9d., 1s., used on 1919 envelope from Rabaul, registered to Switzerland, fine. S.G. 104, 105, 110, 112, 113. Photo.

New Guinea: 1918-23 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Fifth Setting Overprints, Third Watermark, 3d. greenish olive, Die I/Die II, complete mint sheet of thirty (6 x 5), Plate 1, Left Pane [31-60] incl. fifteen examples of Die II due to replacement of defective Die I units creating four horizontal and two vertical Die I/Die II pairs, most fine and unmounted except seven. S.G. 109, a, ab. Photo.

New Guinea: 1918-23 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Fifth Setting Overprints, Third Watermark, £1 bistre-brown and grey-blue, Die II, mint, fine. S.G. 118, cat. £4,500. Photo.

New Guinea: 1932-34 redrawn without dates, unissued 1/2d. without overprint in an unmounted mint block of four from the foot of the sheet, vertical pair with slight crease. Only 60 examples known. See note after S.G. 177. Photo.

New Guinea: 1935 Air £2 bright violet and £5 emerald-green, fine fresh mint. S.G. 204, 205, cat. £1,100. Photo.

New Guinea: A mint collection with a few G.R.I. overprints, 1915-16 wmk. W2 values to 10s., wmk. W5 values to 5s., 1918-22 wmk. W6 to 10s. with shades, wmk. W6a 1/2d. wmk. inverted, 1925-27 to £1, 1931 Air to 10s., 1932-34 without dates to £1, Air set to £1, 1937 Coronation 3d. with re-entry, 1939 Air to £1 (less 10s., £1 toned), officials incl. 1925-31 to 2s. (unused), 1931 to 2s., 1932-34 to 2s., etc., varied condition, some with overall toned gum, mainly fine. (188) The property of another vendor.

New Guinea: A mint and used accumulation on leaves, mostly N.W. Pacific Islands overprints with values to 5s. mint and 10s. used, incl. multiples, shades, cancellation interest, etc., mixed condition. (100s) The property of another vendor.

New Guinea: A mint collection of ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Overprints, incl. 1915-16 First watermark 2d. showing scratch from first ''E'' of ''PENCE'', etc. (89)

New Guinea: A mint and used selection on leaves, from 1915 to 1937, incl. some cancellation interest, Australian Occupation, etc., slightly mixed. (49) The property of another vendor.

New Guinea: A mint collection on leaves, incl. 1932-34 set, 1932-34 Air set, 1937 Coronation 5d. in imprint block of ten, one showing re-entry, Officials with 1931 set, etc., mainly fine. (204)

New Guinea: Officials: 1918-23 ''N. W./PACIFIC/ISLANDS'' Fifth Setting Overprints, Punctured ''O S'', Third Watermark, 2d. die I, 3d. die I, 6d. greyish ultramarine die II, 1s. die II, 1921-23 1d. to 4d. ultramarine, etc., fair to good used. (10)

New Hebrides: 1925 De La Rue recess printed imperforate plate proofs in blue comprising 1/2d. upper left corner vertical pair, 6d. left marginal vertical strip of three, 10d. upper right corner block of four, 1s. vertical pair, 2s. left marginal pair, 5s. lower right corner vertical pair, ex printers working sheets, bearing indications of plate defects to be corrected before printing, a few spots of toning, a fascinating group. Photo.

New Hebrides: A mint collection to 1949 incl. 1908 overprints to both 1s., 1911 to 5s., 1938 to 10f., postage dues with 1925 and 1938 sets, etc., varied condition, a few with overall toned gum, many fine. (71)

Niue: A mint collection incl. 1903 1s. (2), 1917-21 21/2d. to 1s. mixed perf. pairs, 1918-29 to 10s. (2), £1 (2), 1931 to £1, 1941-67 wmk. W43 to £1 (less 5s.), wmk. W98 to £1 incl. inverted wmks., etc., also with Norfolk Is. 1947-59 set plus whiter papers (less 1d.), and Pitcairn Is. K.G.VI issues complete, 1946 Victory 3d. with 'flagstaff' flaw, varied condition, mainly fine with some unmounted. (159)

Norfolk Island: 1877 (Sept. 11) entire letter from the missionary Rev. Dr. R. H. Codrington to Mrs. Shirley in Oxford, bearing New South Wales 6d. neatly tied by N.S.W. oval and ''B/SP11/77/SYDNEY'' transit c.d.s., the contents headed ''Norfolk Island Aug: 3. 1877'' excuses the length of time it has taken to reply to Mrs. Shirley's last letter as the Island has been ''...badly used by vessels, which have come and gone very quickly when they have come at all...'', roughly opened but an important and interesting item. Photo.

Norfolk Island: 1884 (Sept. 24) envelope from the George Kendall correspondence to his sister Mrs. Watson in Lincolnshire, sent ''Via Fijis'' with manuscript ''6'' at upper right and ''SUVA/SP 24/1884/FIJI'' c.d.s. and ''1/- To pay'' (in bright red ink) alongside, ''1/-'' accountancy handstamp in black below and ''BRIGG'' arival c.d.s. on reverse, an early and most unusually routed cover. Illustrated in ''Norfolk Island Cancellations and Postal Markings'' by D. Murray Brown. Photo.

Palau: A collection in five boxed albums, complete for unmounted mint issues from 1983 to 2002, also range of miniature sheets and booklets, fine. (100s)

Papua: Cancellations: A selection comprising Queensland 1d. red, 2d. blue, 21/2d. red and 6d. green all with Lee type 7 ''BNG'' barred oval, 1d. red with Lee type 25 ''BNG'' barred oval, Papua 1901-05 watermark horizontal thick paper 6d. with Samarai Lee type 29 (rated F, rare), 1s. with Daru Lee type 41 in purple, watermark vertical 1/2d. with Samarai Lee type 24 with rectangular date plug replacing ''0'' in ''01'' (rated F, rare), 4d. with Samarai Lee type 29 earliest recorded example, Lee states earliest seen ''10 FE 06'', this dated ''22 JA 06''), 1907 watermark horizontal thick paper 2s.6d. pair with Samarai Lee type 32, 1932 9d. with Ioma Lee type 75 in red, good to fine. Photo.

Papua: 1901-05 ''BRITISH NEW GUINEA'', Watermark Horizontal, Thick paper, 1/2d. to 2s.6d. set, mint, a few tone spots, 2s.6d. fine. S.G. 1-8, cat. £850. Photo.

Papua: 1901-05 ''BRITISH NEW GUINEA'', Watermark Horizontal, Thick paper, 1/2d. on thin paper, mint, two creases, otherwise fine. S.G. 1a, cat. £350. Photo.

Papua: 1901-05 ''BRITISH NEW GUINEA'', Watermark Horizontal, Thick paper, 1d. and 21/2d. both showing 'sickle' flaw, the 1d. with small part original gum, 21/2d. with a few tone spots and collector's mark on gum. S.G. 2 var, 4 var.

Papua: 1901-05 ''BRITISH NEW GUINEA'', Watermark Horizontal, Thick paper, 21/2d. on thin paper, fine mint. S.G. 4a, cat. £400. Photo.

Papua: 1901-05 ''BRITISH NEW GUINEA'', Watermark vertical, Medium to thick paper, 4d. on thin paper (comb perf.), fine mint. S.G. 13b, cat. £350. Photo.

Papua: 1901-05 ''BRITISH NEW GUINEA'', Watermark vertical, Medium to thick paper, 6d. on thin paper (comb perf.), fine mint, scarce. S.G. 14a, cat. £1,200. Photo.

Papua: 1901-05 ''BRITISH NEW GUINEA'', Watermark vertical, Medium to thick paper, 1s. on thin paper (comb perf.), fine mint. S.G. 15a, cat. £950. Photo.

Papua: 1901-05 ''BRITISH NEW GUINEA'', Watermark vertical, Medium to thick paper, 2s.6d. on thin paper (comb perf.), mint, collector's mark on gum, otherwise fine. S.G. 16a, cat. £600. Photo.

Papua: 1906 (Nov.) Large ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark horizontal, Thick paper, 4d. to 2s.6d., fine mint. S.G. 17-20, cat. £505. Photo.

Papua: 1906 (Nov.) Large ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper, 1/2d. to 6d., good to fine mint also 21/2d. with thin ''d'' at left. S.G. 21-25, 24a, cat. £331.

Papua: 1906 (Nov.) Large ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper, 1s. black and orange, some offset on gum, small thin, otherwise fine and scarce. S.G. 27, cat. £1,800. Photo.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark horizontal, Thick paper, 1/2d., 21/2d., 21/2d. black and dull blue (pinhole), each on thin paper, 1s. and 2s.6d., mainly fine mint. S.G. 34a, 35a, 35ac, 36, 37. Photo.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper 1/2d., in a complete sheet of thirty, some perf. splitting, otherwise fine mint, most unmounted. S.G. 38, cat. £660+. Photo.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper, 1/2d., 1d., 2d., 4d., 6d., 1s. and 2s.6d., Thick paper 21/2d. and 1s., mainly fine mint. S.G. 38-45a,

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper, 1/2d., 2s.6d., Thick paper 21/2d. (2), all with raised second ''a'' in ''Papua'', fine mint.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper, 1d., in a complete sheet of thirty, fine, stamps are unmounted. S.G. 39, cat. £300+.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper, 2d., in a complete sheet of thirty, a few gum wrinkles, otherwise fine unmounted mint. S.G. 40, cat. £210+.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Medium to thick paper, 21/2d., in a complete sheet of thirty, some gum toning, otherwise fine, the stamps unmounted. S.G. 41, cat. £570+.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thick paper, 21/2d. 'sickle' flaw, two fine mint examples. S.G. 41 var.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper, 4d. showing variety deformed ''d'' at left, fine mint. S.G. 42a, cat. £650. Photo.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper, 6d., in a complete sheet of thirty, a few gum wrinkles, otherwise fine, most unmounted. S.G. 43, cat. £1,500+. Photo.

Papua: 1907 (May-June) Small ''Papua'' Overprint, Watermark vertical, Thin paper 1s. showing dot in ''P'' of ''Papua'', fine mint. S.G. 44 var. Photo.

Papua: 1907-10 Small Papua, watermark sideways, mint selection of varieties, comprising 'pole to sail' [7] perf. 11 1/2d. and perf. 121/2 2d., 'cross on hill' [11] perf. 11 1/2d., perf 121/2 1/2d., 'black dot in sky' [20] perf. 11 1/2d., 6d., 'rift in cloud' [23] perf. 11 1d., 6d., perf. 121/2 1s., 'the comet' [28] perf. 11 21/2d., 4d., 6d., 1s., perf. 121/2 1s., mainly fine mint.

Papua: 1907-10 Small Papua, watermark sideways, perf. 11 'pole to sail' [7] Vignette stone III 1/2d. black and yellow-green (3) state 5, 1d. state 5, 21/2d. state 5, 4d. state 5, 6d. state 5, perf. 121/2 1/2d. black and deep green state 5, 1d. state 5, 2d. state 5, 21/2d. state 5, 1s. state 5, mainly fine mint.

Papua: 1907-10 Small Papua, watermark sideways, perf. 11 'pole to sail' [7] Vignette stone III 1d. state I, 2d. state 2 and 3, 21/2d. state 3 (2), 4d. state 3, 6d. state 3, 1s. state 3, perf. 121/2 1s. state 3, mainly fine mint.

Papua: 1907-10 Small Papua, watermark sideways, perf. 11 'Cross on the hill' [11] Vignette stone III 1/2d. black and yellow-green. 1/2d. black and deep green, 1d., 2d., 21/2d., 4d., 6d., 1s., perf. 121/2 1/2d. black and deep green. 2d. and 1s. all state 5, mainly fine mint.

Papua: 1907-10 Small Papua, watermark sideways, perf. 11 'black dot in sky' [20] Vignette stone III 1/2d. black and yellow-green, 1/2d. black and deep green, 1d., 2d., 21/2d. (3 shades), perf. 121/2 1/2d. black and deep green, 1d., 2d., 4d. and 1s. also watermark upright perf. 121/2, mainly fine mint.

Papua: 1907-10 Small Papua, watermark sideways, perf. 11 'rift in cloud' [23] Vignette stone III 1/2d. black and yellow-green, 1/2d. black and deep green, 1d. (2), 2d., 21/2d. (2), 4d., 6d., perf. 121/2 1/2d. black and deep green, 1d. and 1s., mainly fine mint.

Papua: 1907-10 Small Papua, watermark sideways, perf. 11 'the comet' [28] Vignette stone III 1/2d. black and yellow-green, 1/2d. black and deep green, 1d., 2d., 21/2d.(2), 4d., 6d., 1s., perf. 121/2 2d., also watermark upright perf. 11 21/2d. black and pale ultramarine, mainly fine mint.

Papua: 1907-10 Small Papua, watermark sideways, perf. 11 1/2d. black and yellow-green (2, one with watermark inverted), 1/2d. black and deep green with inverted watermark, 1d. (2, one with watermark inverted), 2d. (2, one with watermark inverted), 21/2d. (2, one with watermark inverted), 4d. (2, one with deformed ''d'' at left, other with inverted watermark), 6d. (2, one with watermark inverted), 1s. with watermark inverted, perf. 121/2 1/2d. black and yellow-green (2, one with inverted watermark), 1/2d. black and deep green, 1d. (2, one with inverted watermark), 2d. (2, one with inverted watermark), 21/2d. with inverted watermark, 1s. (2, one with inverted watermark) mainly fine mint. S.G. 59-65.

Papua: 1907-10 Small ''PAPUA'' watermark sideways perf.11 1/2d. black and yellow-green, in a complete mint sheet of thirty, a few split perfs., most unmounted. S.G. 59., cat. £75+.

Papua: 1907-10 Small ''PAPUA'' watermark sideways perf. 11 1d. in a complete mint sheet of thirty, stamps unmounted, mainly fine. S.G. 60, cat. £285+.

Papua: 1907-10 Small ''PAPUA'' watermark sideways perf. 11 2d., in a complete mint sheet of thirty, a few split perfs., most unmounted. S.G. 61, cat. £750+. Photo.

Papua: 1907-10 Small ''PAPUA'' watermark sideways perf. 11 21/2d., in a complete mint sheet of thirty, stamps unmounted, mainly fine. S.G. 62, cat. £135+.

Papua: 1907-10 Small ''PAPUA'' watermark sideways perf. 11 21/2d. in a deeper shade, in a complete mint sheet of thirty, stamps unmounted, mainly fine. S.G. 62, cat. £135+.

Papua: 1907-10 Small ''PAPUA'' watermark sideways perf. 11 4d., in a complete mint sheet of thirty, a few split perfs., most unmounted, mainly fine. S.G. 63, cat. £142+.

Papua: 1907-10 Small ''PAPUA'' watermark sideways perf. 11 6d. in a complete mint sheet of thirty, most unmounted, mainly fine. S.G. 64, cat. £300+.

Papua: 1907-10 Small Papua, a selection of varieties on leaves with retouches to stone and Master plate transfers, mainly fine mint. (31)

Papua: 1910-11 Large ''PAPUA'' 1/2d., 1d., 2d., 21/2d., 4d., 6d. (2), 1s. (2) and 2s.6d. type B, all with 'white flaw on sail' [16], mainly fine mint. S.G. 75-82.

Papua: 1910-11 Large ''PAPUA'' 1/2d., 1d., 2d., 21/2d., 4d., 1s. and 2s.6d. type B (2) all showing 'white triangle on lakatoi' [18], also a few retouches on stones, Master plate transfers, mainly fine mint. (13)

Papua: 1910-11 Large ''PAPUA'' 1/2d. to 2s.6d. (both), watermarks inverted 1d., 2d., 21/2d., 6d., 2s.6d. type B, also 1907-10 Large ''PAPUA'' 1/2d. and 2s.6d., mainly fine mint. S.G. 75-83, 47, 48.

Papua: 1916-31 Bicoloured issues, a selection of mint imprint items, comprising 1/2d. myrtle and apple-green strip of three (Harrison), 1d. black and carmine-red strip of three (Harrison), 11/2d. pale grey-blue and brown imprint strips (2, both Ash), block of ten (Harrison), 11/2d. cobalt and light brown strip of five (Mullett), 11/2d. bright blue and bright brown block of ten (Ash), 2d. deep brown-purple and lake strip of three (Ash), 2d. brown-purple and claret strip of three (Ash), 3d. complete sheet (Cooke), 3d. black and blue-green strip of three (Ash), 5d. bluish slate and pale brown strip of three (Ash), 6d. dull and pale purple single with part imprint, mint, mainly fine.

Papua: 1929-30 ''AIR MAIL'' Overprints, 3d. black and bright blue-green Harrison in imprint block of six and strip of three, 3d. Harrison imprint block of six, 3d. Ash imprint blocks of ten and 6 (2), mint, mainly fine. S.G. 112-114. Photo.

Papua: 1930 Aeroplane Overprint 1s. sepia and olive, Harrison printing, with the overprint in deep carmine-red, mint single from left of sheet showing variety ''AI,R'' [11], faintly toned, otherwise fine.. Only 400 stamps printed, only 10 examples of the variety can exist. Photo.

Papua: 1930 Aeroplane overprint, a mint study on leaves, incl. Harrison printing 6d. with ''POSTACE'' variety, 1s. imprint block of six, Ash printing 3d. in a complete sheet of 40 with imprint, imprint blocks, etc. (114)

Papua: 1932 9d. and 1s.3d. both overprinted ''SPECIMEN'', fine with gum. S.G. 127, 128, cat. £700. Photo.

Papua: A selection of Lakatoi types, incl. 1901-05 watermark horizontal thick paper 1d. with double perfs at base, mint, watermark vertical 1/2d., 1d. (2), 2d. (2, one with Bonagai c.d.s., Lee 73 (rated F), 4d. (2), 6d. and 1s. all with Port Moresby c.d.s's, 1907-10 perf. 11 1s. with double perfs at top, mint, perf. 121/2 1s. watermark upright inverted used, watermark sideways perf. 121/2 1s. used, etc. (31)

Papua: 1932 to 1941 a mainly mint collection on leaves, incl. 1934 Declaration set in blocks of four, used set in imprint strips of three, 1937 Coronation 1d. green complete sheet and strip of three, one in each with 'halo' flaw, 1939-41 Air set in Ash imprint blocks of four, the 1s.6d. in McCracken blocks of four (2), etc. (142)

Papua: 1932-40 1/2d. to £1 set, mainly fine mint. S.G. 130-145, cat. £500. Photo.

Papua: 1932-40 1/2d. black and buff, 1d. and 4d. in McCracken imprint pairs, all unmounted mint, fine and scarce. Photo.

Papua: 1935 Silver Jubilee set in mint Ash imprint blocks of four, one of each 1d., 3d. and 5d. showing 'accent' flaw (varieties unmounted), fine mint. S.G. 150-153a.

Papua: A mint collection incl. 1901-05 wmk. horizontal to 1s., wmk. vertical to 1s., 1906 large ''Papua'' wmk. vertical 4d., 1907 small ''Papua'' wmk. horizontal 21/2d., 1s. and 2s.6d., wmk. vertical to 2s.6d. (less 21/2d.), 1907-10 large ''PAPUA'' 2s.6d., 1910-11 to both 2s.6d., 1916-31 to 10s. with some shades and wmk. varieties, 1930 Air white paper 6d. with ''POSTACE'' at left, 1932-40 to 10s., 1935 Jubilee 3d. with 'accent' flaw, Official 1931-32 set with 2s.6d. shade, etc., varied condition, mainly fine. (180) The property of another vendor.

Papua: A mint and used accumulation of Lakatoi issues on leaves, with values to 2s.6d. mint and used, incl. 1906 watermark horizontal 2s.6d. mint, 1907 2s.6d. mint (6 singles and a marginal pair), 1910-11 2s.6d. mint (10 singles and a marginal block of four), 1916-31 values to 5s. (2) and 10s. mint, flaws and retouches, multiples, imprint blocks, a few perfins., inverted watermarks, cancellation interest, etc., mixed condition. (100s) The property of another vendor.

Papua: Officials: 1908 2s.6d. watermark horizontal, 1911-12 perforated ''O S'' 1/2d. (2), 1d., 2d. (2, one with watermark Crown to right of A), 21/2d., 6d., 1s. and 2s.6d., used, mainly fine.

Papua New Guinea: 1952-58 a detailed study of unmounted mint imprint blocks of four, incl. range of printings comprising 1/2d. (3), 1d. (2), 2d. (2), 21/2d., 3d. (2), 31/2d. carmine-red (2), 31/2d. black, 61/2d. dull purple (2), 61/2d. maroon (3), 71/2d. (2), 9d. (4), 1s. (3), 1s.6d. (3), 2s. (3), 2s.6d. (2), 10s. (3) and £1, mainly fine. S.G. 1-15. (39 items)

Papua New Guinea: 1962 unissued 5s. Postman. 3s. and 5s. values were planned in late 1960, the 3s. value finally released in 1962 and the 5s. abandoned. The committee deemed that the image of an indigenous patrolman carrying a rifle was unsuitable for the time. A single sheet of sixty is known to have passed unofficially into circulation. Photo.

Papua New Guinea: An unmounted mint collection from 1952 to 1966 on leaves, incl. 1952-58 set with shades, 10s. and £1 overprinted ''SPECIMEN'', and a detailed specialised study highlighting the range of shades, the results of which were published in recent years in ''Australian Stamps Professional'', 1963 10s. (2) and £1 (2) overprinted ''SPECIMEN'', range of imprint blocks, 1963 2s.3d. block of four, showing unlisted variety 'without clouds', etc. (few 100s)

Pitcairn Islands: 1924 (July) stampless cover to U.S.A. handstamped ''POSTED IN PITCAIRN ISLAND./1924'NO STAMPS AVAILABLE'' (Kitching type 1.8) in black at upper right with ''CRISTOBAL/C.Z.'' transit c.d.s. below, encircled ''T'' and ''ALERTON MASS'' datestamp applied upon redirection to Maine, opened at right. From the Washburn correspondence. Photo.

Pitcairn Islands: 1940-51 issue, a mint and used selection on leaves, with values to 2s.6d. mint and used, incl. range of shades, set in c.t.o. blocks of four, set mint, values to 2s.6d. in unmounted mint blocks of four, etc., mainly fine. (77 items)

Pitcairn Islands: 1957-63 2d. stamp sized essay with printed Queen's head in frame with crown above, in blue, the rest of the design being entirely handpainted in blue, white and brown, very similar to the issued stamp, affixed to thick grey card (32 x 39mm), a fine, unique and very attractive essay. Photo.

Pitcairn Islands: 1964-65 1/2d. with variety blue omitted, unmounted mint, with normal for comparison, fine. S.G. 36a, cat. £750, EC PCN72a. Photo.

Pitcairn Islands: A collection in a binder, with issues largely complete unmounted mint from 1940 to 1986 and used from 1940 to 1980, mainly fine. (100s)

Samoa: 1877-80 Samoa Express, Second State, 1s. dull yellow, perf. 12, block of four [R. 1/1-2/2], part original gum. S.G. 7b, cat. £400+. Photo.

Samoa: 1877-80 Samoa Express, Second State, 5s. green [R. 2/3], a used example, lightly cancelled, from the foot of the sheet. S.G. 9, cat. £1,300. Photo.

Samoa: 1877-80 Samoa Express, Third State, Perf. 121/2, 5s. green [R. 2/4] from the foot of the sheet, lightly cancelled, fine. S.G. 14, cat. £800. Photo.

Samoa: 1877-80 Samoa Express, Third State, Perf. 12, 3d. vermilion complete mint sheet of ten, mainly fine. S.G. 16, cat. £700+. Photo.

Samoa: 1877-80 Samoa Express, Third State, Perf. 12, 6d. deep violet complete mint sheet of ten, mainly fine. S.G. 17a, cat. £600+. Photo.

Samoa: 1877-80 Samoa Express, Third State, Perf. 12, 5s. yellow-green, very scarce complete mint sheet of ten, [R. 2/3] showing listed variety line above ''X'' not repaired, fine. S.G. 19, a, cat. £6,150+. Photo.

Samoa: 1877-80 Samoa Express, Third State, Perf. 12, 2s. deep brown mint block of four [R. 1/3-2/4], mainly fine. S.G. 18, cat. £1,100+. Photo.

Samoa: 1877-80 Samoa Express, Third State, Perf. 12, 2s. deep brown mint block of four from the right of the sheet [R. 1/4-2/5], mainly fine. S.G. 18, cat. £1,100+. Photo.

Samoa: 1877-80 Samoa Express, Fourth State, 9d. orange-brown, complete mint sheet of ten, mainly fine. S.G. 20, cat. £800+. Photo.

Samoa: 1886-1900 Proofs, Flag 5d., plate proofs (3) on wove paper in pale lilac, buff and dull red respectively. Photo.

Samoa: 1886-1900 Watermark ''NZ'' over Star (7mm spacing), Perf. 12 x 111/2, 6d. brown-lake and 1s. rose-carmine, mint, fine. Each with B.P.A. certificate (1987 and 1990 respectively). S.G. 46, 47, cat. £370. Photo.

Samoa: 1886-1900 Watermark ''NZ'' over Star (7mm spacing), Perf. 11 1d. deep green, variety gummed both sides, fine. See ''The Stamps and Postal History of 19th Century Samoa'' by R.P. Odenweller (2004), p.169. S.G. 58b var. Photo.

Samoa: 1886-1900 Watermark ''NZ'' over Star (7mm spacing), Perf. 11 2s.6d. slate-violet, a mint block of four with one unmounted, fine. B.P.A. certificate (1995) S.G. 64c, cat. £480+. Photo.

Samoa: 1895-1900 ''R/3d.'' handstamped on 2d. orange-yellow, perf. 11, vertical pair variety imperf. between, mint, fine and scarce. S.G. 79a, cat. £700. Photo.

Samoa: 1898-99 ''Surcharged/21/2d.'' handstamped on 1s. rose-carmine on toned paper, mint example showing clear double surcharge, fine. Unlisted by S.G. but recorded by Odenweller. S.G. 83 var. Photo.

Samoa: 1898-99 ''Surcharged/21/2d.'' handstamped on 1s. rose-carmine on toned paper, horizontal pair, the left-hand stamp showing clear double surcharge, tied to small piece by Apia ''JAN/10/99'' c.d.s., fine. IIlustrated on p. 157 of ''The Stamps and Postal History of 19th Century Samoa'' by R.P. Odenweller (2004). S.G. 83 var. Photo.

Samoa: 1898-99 ''Surcharged/21/2d.'' overprinted on 1d. bluish green, block of four showing surcharge dramatically misplaced to right., mint with three unmounted, fine. See ''The Stamps and Postal History of 19th Century Samoa'' by R.P. Odenweller (2004), p.162. S.G. 84 var. Photo.

Samoa: 1898-99 ''Surcharged/21/2d.'' overprinted on 1d. bluish green, variety surcharge inverted, used, fine. S.G. 84a, cat. £425. Photo.

Samoa: 1899 Colour Changes, 1d. deep red-brown, exceptional mint block of four with interpanneau margin at left, officially patched and reperforated with added knife cuts through patching. See ''The Stamps and Postal History of 19th Century Samoa'' by R.P. Odenweller (2004), pp.164-5. S.G. 89 var. Photo.

Samoa: 1899-1900 ''PROVISIONAL/GOVT.'' 2s.6d. reddish purple, exceptional mint block of six (3 x 2), officially patched and reperforated with added knife cuts through patching. Unlisted by Odenweller. S.G. 97 var. Photo.

Samoa: An accumulation of Palm Tree and other issues mainly in mint or unused (some with damp staining) sheets, panes and large multiples, incl. 1886-1900 values to 2s.6d. (150+), 1896 21/2d. black (120), 1898-99 Surcharges with ''Surcharged/21/2d.'' in black on 1s. (189), ''R/3d.'' on 2d. (659), 1899-1900 ''PROVISIONAL/GOVT.'' 2s.6d. (478) incl. left and right mint panes showing notably wayward horizontal perforations at upper right, poor to fine. (1,000s)

Samoa: 1914 (Sept.) ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, 1/2d. on 3pf. with ''1'' to left of ''2'' in ''1/2'', 21/2d. on 20pf. strip of three, each with broken ''2'' in ''1/2'', unmounted mint, 5d. on 40pf. showing slight off-set on gum mint, 6d. on 50pf. (2, one is unmounted, other with surcharge misplaced to top, mint), fine.

Samoa: 1914 (Sept.) ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, 1/2d. on 3pf., 1/2d. on 5pf. and 21/2d. on 20pf. used vertical strips of three, the first two tied to pieces by Apia ''12.9.14'' c.d.s's, the centre stamp in each strip showing variety missing fraction bar [pos. 6], mainly fine. S.G. 101, b, 102, a, 104, a, cat. £246+.

Samoa: 1914 (Sept.) ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, 1/2d. on 5pf. strip of four, each showing faint traces of fraction bars, block of four (pair showing misplaced surcharge), both used on pieces. S.G. 101, var.

Samoa: 1914 (Sept.) ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, 1/2d. on 5pf. green, variety surcharge double, mint with Bothe handstamp on gum, fine. S.G. 102d, cat. £750. Photo.

Samoa: 1914 (Sept.) ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, 1/2d. on 5pf., and 21/2d. on 20pf. used, 6d. on 50pf. showing inverted ''9'' for ''6'' mint, 9d. on 80pf., used, fine. S.G. 102, 104, 108b, 109, cat. £315.

Samoa: 1914 (Sept.) ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, 21/2d. on 20pf. ultramarine, upper right corner marginal mint block of four, fine. S.G. 104, cat. £240+.

Samoa: 1914 (Sept.) ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, 21/2d. on 20pf. ultramarine, mint block of nine from the top of the sheet, the upper row of three each showing variety ''1'' to left of ''2'' in ''1/2'', hinged in selvedge only. Holcombe opinion (1992) S.G. 104, b, cat. £570+. Photo.

Samoa: 1914 (Sept.) ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, 21/2d. on 20pf. ultramarine, in an unmounted mint block block of six from the base of the sheet, all showing weak fraction bars, fine. S.G. 104 var. Photo.

Samoa: 1914 (Sept.) ''G.R.I.'' Overprints, 6d. on 50pf. black and purple on buff used on 1914 (Nov. 2) envelope registered to Melbourne bearing the rarest of the registration labels, typewritten ''APIA No 32'' with mispelling overtyped, minor faults. Ex Powell. S.G. 108. Photo.

Samoa: 1921 Native Huts, a selection on leaves, incl. perf. 14 x 131/2 set in mint blocks of four and as singles used, heavily duplicated used values, multiples, etc., also 1935 Silver Jubilee issue, slightly mixed condition. (100s)

Samoa: 1970 Air Mail original artwork of the final design for the 30s. Britten-Norman Islander, together with four further boards showing titling and colour separation, also a colour suggestion strip. Photo.

Samoa: 1974 Christmas imperforate proof of the painting miniature sheet, affixed to printers presentation card. Photo.

Samoa: A mint collection to 1948 (a few unused) incl. a selection of 19th century issues, 1914 ''G.R.I.'' values to 6d. on 50pf., 1/2d. on 5pf. with ''1'' to left of ''2'' in ''1/2'', 1914-24 perf. 14 2s. to £1, 1925-28 2s. to £1, 1935-42 Cowan paper to £1, Wiggins Teape paper £2, 1945-53 2s.6d. to £3, etc., varied condition, mainly fine with a few unmounted. (148)

Samoa: Postal Stationery: 1895 First printing 1d.+1d. reply card in carmine on light tan, unused, very scarce. Only 250 printed. Photo.

Samoa: Postal Stationery: 1897 Second printing 1d. reply card outward half, in carmine on greenish blue, used 1898 (June 2) with added Palm Trees 1/2d. to Germany, Berlin Sept. 2 arrival at left, very scarce. Only 216 printed. Odenweller 778. Photo.

Samoa: 1889 (Oct. 8) envelope front to Texas with ''United States Consulate/AT/Apia, Samoa Islands'' violet cachet and bearing Palm Trees 6d. brown-lake, perf. 12 x 111/2, tied by Apia c.d.s. in blue, U.S. 2c. Washington (2) with cork cancellations alongside, judged underpaid with ''U.S. CHARGE/TO COLLECT/6 CENTS'' handstamp at right, most unusual. Ex Fitzpatrick. Odenweller 31. Photo.

Samoa: 1894 (Jan. 3) envelope from Apia to San Francisco franked by 1893 (Dec.) three operation 5d. in red on 4d. blue with Jan. 19 Paid All arrival on reverse. Photo.

Samoa: 1894 (Aug. 15) registered Samoa/U.S.A. combination cover to London, locally redirected, franked at single rate + registration by 1890-92 1/2d., 21/2d. pair with added U.S. 3c. Jackson and 10c. Webster tied by San Francisco ovals with three line Aug. 31 transit, New York registration label affixed partially over adhesives, transit and arrival backstamps. Odenweller 94. Photo.

Samoa: 1894 (Sept. 12) attractive double rate envelope to Pennsylvania franked by 1894 5d. Flag tied by fine ''APIA/SEP/12/SAMOA'' type 4 c.d.s. in violet, with San Francisco Sept. 29 machine transit and Allegheny Oct. 4 arrival on reverse. Odenweller 433. Photo.

Samoa: 1895 (Jan. 2) envelope sent by Davis to England bearing 1890-92 4d. blue pair and single, with West Hartlepool Feb. 1 arrival c.d.s. on reverse. Odenweller 454. Photo.

Samoa: 1895 (Jan. 30) envelope to San Francisco franked by 1890-92 1/2d. pair and ''Surcharged/11/2d.'' on 2d. perf. 12 x 111/2, with Apia type 4 c.d.s's showing day date inverted, with Feb. 13 Paid All arrival backstamp. Photo.

Samoa: 1895 (Apr. 18) 'Bickel' cover registered to Montenegro bearing 1892 21/2d. rose and 1893 5d. in red on 4d. blue cancelled by provisional Apia type 5 c.d.s. in blue (used after the Apr. 1 fire), the 21/2d. additionally tied by red London May 24 transit, Cetigne arrival backstamp. Odenweller 487. Photo.

Samoa: 1895 (May 19) envelope to Auckland bearing 1886 1s. rose--carmine, diagonally bisected (S.G. 25a) to pay reduced 2d. rate for Australasia, tied by provisional Apia type 5 c.d.s. in blue (used after the Apr. 1 fire), with May 31 arrival backstamp. Photo.

Samoa: 1895 (May 22) W. Sellschopp & Co. cover registered to Hungary showing first day usage 1s. rose perf. 11 tied by provisional Apia type 5 c.d.s. in blue (used after the Apr. 1 fire), with red London June 22 transit and backstamped Budapest June 24 arrival. Odenweller 562. Photo.

Samoa: 1895 (July 17) colourful W. Sellschopp & Co. cover registered to Switzerland bearing 1d., 2d., 5d. and 2s.6d., with red London Aug. 14 transit below and St. Gallen next day arrival on reverse. Odenweller 603. Photo.

Samoa: 1899 (Oct. 6) commercial cover to Michigan, U.S.A. endorsed ''via/San Francisco'', franked by ''PROVISIONAL/GOVT.'' 2d. dull orange pair, with Oct. 20 transit and Grand Rapids Oct. 24 arrival on reverse. Odenweller 883. Photo.

Samoa: 1914 (Sept. 14) envelope locally used on Malua, bearing 1914 (Sept. 3) 1/2d. on 5pf. (3) and 21/2d. on 20pf., tied by ''MALUA'' c.d.s's, fine. Photo.

Samoa: 1914 (Oct.) envelope from Apia to Motootma, bearing 1914 21/2d. on 20pf. (4) all with no fraction bar, tied by Apia c.d.s's, fine. Photo.

Samoa: 1915 (Apr. 1) envelope, locally used, bearing 1914 1/2d. to 1s. set, 1914-24 5s., also in combination with 1914 ''G.R.I.'' 1/2d. on 3pf. and 1/2d. on 5pf., tied by Apia c.d.s's.

Samoa: 1921 Native Huts, 1d. lake, perf. 14 x 131/2 tied to envelope to Chicago by very scarce straight line ''S.S. VENTURA'' ship's handstamp in violet and G.P.O. Fiji ''25 FE 28'' c.d.s's. Photo.

An accumulation of Pacific Islands in seven albums, K.G.V. to Q.E.II, mainly unmounted mint Q.E.II sets and miniature sheets, incl. Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Kiribati, Micronesia, Nauru, Niuafo'ou, Samoa, Tuvalu, etc., later to 2000, mostly fine. (100s)

An accumulation in a stockbook incl. Fiji, Gilbert and Ellice Is., Nauru 1916-23 1/2d. and 1d. mint with short left stroke to ''N'' varieties, Samoa, New Zealand Dependencies, cancellation interest, etc. (approx. 150 items)

Maritime: A selection of items relating to shipping lines in the Pacific, incl. Gilbert and Ellice Islands and British Solomon Islands 1d. (6) used with ship marks, picture postcards, Tonga Tin Can Mail cover, Burns Philp envelopes (2) and incoming mail (4), 1937 envelope from the Solomon Islands to Norfolk Island endorsed ''Per S.S. Mataram'', handstamps on cover from ''S.S. Mangola'', ''m.v Malaita'', ''MV. BULOLO'', ''M.V. MALAKULA'', ''MORINDA'' on piece, etc., also some literature, mainly fine. (26)

Tonga: Early Letters: 1843 entire headed ''Tugua Haobai Friendly Isles/March 1 1843'' and completed on Mar. 5, addressed to Harrow-on-the-Hill, England with doubled Crowned ''HOBART POST OFFICE/21NO21/1843'' in red, backstamped straight line ''SHIP LETTER'' and red Apr. 6 London arrival, containing lengthy descriptive letter written by Wesleyan missionary Rev. William Webb (1812-1853) in Ha'apai including extracts from his personal journal recounting the Tongans' reactions to the mission work, their alarm at the sighting of a large comet, etc., some splitting along folds. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, Progressive Die Proofs of King George I head vignette with uncleared background in black on wove paper, numbered ''6'' in pencil below by the engraver A.E. Cousins. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, Progressive Die Proofs of King George I head vignette with uncleared background in black on white card, numbered ''7'' in pencil below by the engraver A.E. Cousins. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, Progressive Die Proofs of King George I head vignette with uncleared background in black on cream card, numbered ''10'' in pencil below by the engraver A.E. Cousins. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, Die proof of 6d. in black on surfaced card, framelines incomplete at foot. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, Die proof of 6d. in rose on surfaced card, framelines incomplete at foot. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, Plate Proofs, 2d. plate proof in issued pale violet on wove paper, a horizontal strip of three, marginal from the right of the sheet, some creasing. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, Specimen Stamps, 1d. carmine crossed by horizontal wavy line indicating specimen status, without gum, very slight stains. Ex Howard-White, with accompanying 1972 letter from Sir John Marriott confirming the match of the stamp with the example in the Royal Collection. S.G.1s. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, 1d. carmine, perf. 12 x 111/2, mint block of eighteen (6 x 3) from the upper right corner of the left pane, margins at top and right, four being type 1, twelve type 2 and two type 4, [R. 3/1] showing curve under ''ONE'' distorted, mainly fine with eight unmounted. S.G. 1c.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, 2d. pale violet, perf. 121/2, mint block of four, comprising types 1, 2 and 4 (2), also type 4 block of ten (5 x 2) with paper adhering to reverse, one with fault at lower right otherwise chiefly fine. S.G.2, cat. £700+.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, 2d. bright violet, perf. 12 x 111/2, mint block of six (3 x 2) with staggered perforation, rather heavily mounted with flattened gum but a scarce multiple. S.G. 2ba, cat. £300+. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, 2d. and 6d. unauthorised bisects tied by Nukualofa Oct. 24 1901 c.d.s. to 'Entrican' cover addressed to Auckland, all previous issues having been declared invalid for postage at the time of the 1897 De La Rue Pictorial issue. Photo.

Tonga: 1886-88 King George I Profile Issue, Mint/unused or used selection with 1d. perf. 121/2 used, perf. 12 x 111/2 (16, six used incl. earliest known date), 2d. perf. 121/2 used (5), perf. 12 x 111/2 (18, incl. a mint corner pair and seven used incl. earliest known date), 6d. perf. 121/2 used (8), perf. 12 x 111/2 (5, four used), 1s. perf. 121/2 (9, eight used), perf. 12 x 111/2 (13, five used incl. a strip of three, mainly good to fine.

Tonga: 1891 (Nov.) Surcharges, study selection, comprising ''FOUR/PENCE.'' on 1d. mint (21) with two strips of three (one corner marginal with sheet no. ''97578'') incl. no stop after ''PENCE'' and two blocks of four, unused single, used pair on piece and single showing no stop, ''EIGHT/PENCE.'' on 2d. mint (8) incl. two pairs, one incl. short ''T'' in ''EIGHT'', the other with vertical perforations much displaced to left, mostly fine. (33) S.G. 5, a, 6, a. Photo.

Tonga: 1891 (Nov.) Surcharges, ''FOUR/PENCE.'' on 1d. irregular mint block of seventeen, one showing distorted curve under ''ONE'', some minor tone spotting, ''EIGHT/PENCE.'' on 2d. mint interpanneau block of twelve (6 x 2), the lower row unmounted. S.G. 5, 6, cat. £555+. Photo.

Tonga: 1891 (Nov.) Overprinted with Stars, 1d. carmine, perf. 121/2, showing three stars, marginal from the foot of the sheet with additional star in selvedge, from the right-hand vertical row of the right-hand pane [pos. 60], small part original gum, trivial imperfections. Clear R.P.S. certificate (1979) S.G. 7a, cat. £400+. Photo.

Tonga: 1891 (Nov.) Overprinted with Stars, 1d. carmine, perf. 121/2, showing four stars, large part original gum, one faintly toned perf. at top otherwise fine. Clear R.P.S. certificate (1994) S.G. 7b, cat. £550. Photo.

Tonga: 1891 (Nov.) Overprinted with Stars, 1d. carmine, perf. 121/2, unused (2, one with part original gum), used (thin), five stars example mint (faults) with R.P.S. certificate (2005) stating ''of uncertain status and cannot be certified'', 2d. violet unused (2), used (thin). (7) S.G. 7, dc, 8. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 (Aug.) Colour Change, 6d. yellow-orange, unused selection comprising three singles (one type 2) and type 1 block of twelve with backing paper adhering, the lower two rows of the sheet with margins three sides. (15) S.G. 9, cat. £240+.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, ten Progressive Die Proofs of the King George I head vignette with uncleared backgrounds showing progress of engraving, printed in black on wove paper, numbered below ''1'', ''2'', ''3'', ''5'', ''9'', ''11'', ''12'', ''17'', 18'' and ''20'' respectively in pencil by the engraver A.E. Cousins. Ex Howard-White. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, three Progressive Die Proofs of the King George I head design with incomplete frames showing progress of engraving, the first printed in blue, the others in black, all on wove paper, numbered below ''1'', ''2'' and ''3'' respectively in pencil by the engraver A.E. Cousins. Ex Howard-White. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, Progressive Die Proof of the King George I head design with incomplete frame, in black on wove paper, numbered ''3'' below in pencil by the engraver A.E. Cousins. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, Master Die Proof of King George I head vignette with cleared background and rectangular outer frame. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, Progressive Die Proof of Arms 1d. printed in black on wove paper, partially engraved with uncleared centre, numbered below ''4'' in pencil by the engraver A.E. Cousins. Ex Sir Lacon Threlford. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, Progressive Die Proof of Arms 1d. printed in black on wove paper, with uncleared surround and incomplete Arms, numbered below ''8'' in pencil by the engraver A.E. Cousins. Ex Sir Lacon Threlford. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, Progressive Die Proof of Arms 4d. printed in black on wove paper, partially engraved with uncleared surround, numbered below ''1'' in pencil by the engraver A.E. Cousins. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, Die Proof of King George I 2d. in lake on wove paper. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, Die Proofs of King George I 8d. in brown, blue and ultramarine respectively on wove paper. (3) Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, Die Proof of King George I 1s. in yellow-brown on wove paper. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 Arms and King George I Issue, Plate Proofs, 1d. pair in rose on horizontally laid paper, 2d. strip of three in black on vertically laid paper, 8d. pair in violet on wove paper, 8d. block of four on blued wove paper, some minor faults. (11) Photo.

Tonga: 1893 New Colours, (Aug.) Surcharged in Carmine, 21/2d. on 2d., 5d. on 4d. and 71/2d. on 8d. imperf. plate proofs in issued colours, the first a little ragged at foot, the last with minor crease. (3) Photo.

Tonga: 1893 New Colours, Surcharged in Black, 21/2d. in black on 2d. green, mint block of twenty-two (6 x 4 less vertical pair at upper right) from the lower left corner of left pane, one showing raised stop, another with fraction close to ''2'', odd small tone spot and one thinned on reverse otherwise chiefly fine with fifteen unmounted S.G. 20, cat. £340+. Photo.

Tonga: 1892 (Dec. 10) envelope to Germany via German Post Office in Samoa, franked by 1892 2d. olive pair tied by neat ''NEIAFU/VAVAU'' c.d.s's with two strikes of ''APIA/KAISERL. DEUTSCHE/POSTAGENTUR'' c.d.s. dated ''11 12/92'' and ''4 1/93'' respectively, and Sondershausen Feb. 3 arrival. Photo.

Tonga: 1893 (Aug. 5) stampless cover to Auckland sent during stamp shortage, endorsed ''21/2'' in blue pencil with ''TONGA'' barred oval handstamped over, backstamped Nukualofa and Aug. 11 arrival c.d.s's, slight soiling but rare. Photo.

Tonga: 1893 (Sept. 18) inter-island cover from the 'Haverporth' correspondence to Vavau bearing 1892 1d. bright rose marginal pair (one with corner fault) and 2d. olive. cancelled by ''HAAPAI'' barred ovals with ''F-I/HAAPAI'' c.d.s. below. Ex 'Lavinia'. Photo.

Tonga: 1893 (Nov. 22) envelope from Haapai to Surrey bearing marginal 21/2d. on 2d. green, surcharge in carmine, tied by part ''HAAPAI'' barred oval with ''F-I/HAAPAI'' despatch c.d.s. at left, deemed overweight in Auckland with blue pencil notations, octagonal ''25/CENTIMES'' in violet and London ''5D./F.B.'' due marking, with Nukulaofa, Auckland and Redhill Station c.d.s's on reverse, a little roughly opened and faintly stained. Photo.

Tonga: 1894 (Apr. 23) envelope prepared by Chief Postmaster William Campbell for W.O. Groom, bearing 1893 21/2d. on 2d. surcharge in carmine, 21/2d. on 2d. surcharge in black, and 1892 1d. bisect alongside 2d., demonstrating three accepted methods of paying 21/2d. postage, each cancelled by ''TONGA'' barred oval, Nukulaofa c.d.s. alongside. Photo.

Tonga: Early Incoming Mail: 1887 envelope addressed to Marcus Hamilton at Vavau, sent from Suva Sept. 13 franked 2d. green perf. 10 x nearly 12, with fine ''F-I/TONGA/19 SP 87'' Nukualofa transit and part Vavau arrival on reverse. Photo.

Tonga: Early Incoming Mail: 1888 Union Bank of Australia envelope addressed to Marcus Hamilton at Vavau, sent from Hay, New South Wales Aug. 10 franked 2d. blue, with Nukualofa, Tonga Aug. 30 transit and Neiafu, Vavau Sept. 7 arrival on reverse. Photo.

Tonga: Early Incoming Mail: Fine strike of very rare Nukulaofa Dead Letter Office ornate marking in violet, numbered ''153'' in blue pencil, on Great Britain 1892 21/2d. light grey-blue stationery envelope addressed to ''Messrs/W. McArthur & Co/Merchants/Tonga or Friendly Islands'', cancelled by West Hartlepool July 12 1894 duplex with Auckland Aug. 16 and Nukualofa Sept. 16 arrival on reverse. R.P.S. certificate (1991). Photo.

Tonga: Early Incoming Mail: 1901 envelope addressed to Robert Hanslip on Tongapatu, sent from Goulburn, New South Wales Jan. 15 endorsed ''Via Auckland'', franked 1/2d. and 2d. with Nukualofa Jan. 26 arrival on reverse. Photo.

Tonga: Incoming envelope from England, bearing 1d. cancelled Hornsey Nov. 26 1903 squared circle and endorsed ''Card Only'' but sent sealed contrary to regulations with framed ''CLOSED AGAINST/INSPECTION'', hexagonal framed ''T'' (''L'' below) and ''TO PAY/8/DOUBLE DEFICIENT POSTAGE'' marks, showing on reverse Auckland transit c.d.s. with Pictorial 1/2d. and 71/2d. affixed as postage due cancelled Nukualofa ''JA 18 4''. Photo.

Tonga: King George II, Two rejected essays for new King George II issue, prepared by the ''Herald'' newspaper office, denominated 21/2d. in violet and 71/2d. in blue-green respectively on gummed wove paper. Photo.

Tonga: 1894 (June-Nov.) 1/2d. on 4d. chestnut, rare complete sheet of 120, the ''SURCHARCE'' and small ''F'' varieties occurring five times each in both panes, backing paper adhering to reverse, adhering tissue interleaving resulting in right pane damaged corner and 'skinned' surfaces resulting in surcharge 'tissue' varieties. Ex Abbott. S.G. 21, a, b, cat. £380+.

Tonga: 1894 (Nov.) Surcharges, 21/2d. on 1s. deep green, perf. 12 x 111/2, lower right corner marginal mint block of twenty-two (6 x 4 less upper left horizontal pair) with sheet no. ''71279'', one showing no stop after ''SURCHARGE'', odd trivial stain and one with gum thin otherwise mainly fine. S.G. 24b, cat. £370+. Photo.

Tonga: 1894 (June-Nov.) Surcharges, selection of 'tissue' varieties, ten items, incl. a pair and two blocks of four, showing varieties with surcharge partially omitted or misplaced due to 'skinned' surfaces or subsequently removed tissue scraps.

Tonga: 1895 (May) Surcharges, 21/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12, the left pane (6 x 4) with margins all sides, incl. deformed ''E'' in ''PENI'' [R. 2/2] and broken frameline below ''UA'' [R. 3/6], backing paper adhering to reverse, one or two very faint stains. Ex Howard-White. S.G. 27, b, cat. £1,030+. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (July-Sept.) 1d. olive-green, complete sheet of 48 with interpanneau margin, sheet no. ''1462'' and showing a number of identified minor flaws, some gum disturbance and perf. separation otherwise mostly fine and scarce. S.G. 32, cat. £1,536+. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (July-Sept.) 1d. olive-green, block of twelve [R. 1/1-2/6] with selvedge three sides and sheet no. ''1548'', also block of four [R. 3/4-4/5], backing paper adhering, mostly fine. S.G. 32, cat. £512+.

Tonga: 1895 (July-Sept.), 1d. olive-green bisects, a strip of three [R. 2/1-2/3] on piece, the last diagonally bisected, tied by Nukualofa ''18 OC 95'' c.d.s., bisect single on piece cancelled Vavau ''16 SP 95'', and right pane upper left corner marginal strip of three [R. 1/1-1/3] tied by Vavau ''16 SP 95'' c.d.s. to locally addressed O.H.T.M.S. envelope (vertical folds clear of adhesives), all somewhat toned. S.G. 32, a. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (July-Sept.) 21/2d. rose, complete right pane of 24 with margins all sides, sheet no. ''474'' and showing a range of identified minor flaws, [R. 4/5] with 'stop' flaw after ''POSTAGE'', mint with backing paper adhering, mostly fine and scarce. S.G. 33, cat. £720+. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (July-Sept.) 5d. blue, perf. 12 mint sheet of 36 with part selvedge at foot, showing a range of identified minor flaws, some gum disturbance, light bend and slight surface marks at lower left corner, otherwise mainly fine and a scarce multiple. S.G. 34, cat. £1,512+. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (July-Sept.) 5d. blue, perf. 12 x 11 complete sheet of 36 with selvedge all sides and sheet no. ''1342'', backing paper adhering, showing a range of minor flaws, odd trivial stain but scarce multiple. S.G. 34b, cat. £828+. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (July-Sept.) 5d. blue, perf. 11, horizontal pair [Right pane, R. 6/1-6/2] with large part original gum and some backing paper adhesions, short stamps with lower row of perforations passing through design. Ex Sir Lacon Threlford. B.P.A. certificate (1996). S.G. 34c, cat. £800+. Photo.

Tonga: 1896 (May) Typewritten Surcharges, Tongan Surcharge Reading Downwards, 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12 x 11 horizontal pair with part original gum, the right-hand stamp showing variety stops instead of hyphens, the left-hand with colon after ''Half'' and stop after ''Penny'', both with doubling of ''H'' and ''l'', mainly fine. R.P.S. certificate (1999) S.G. 37A, Ad, cat. £1,185+. Photo.

Tonga: 1896 (May) Typewritten Surcharges, Tongan Surcharge Reading Downwards, 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12, large part original gum, two trivial stains on reverse but very scarce. Clear R.P.S. certificate (2000) S.G. 37Ap, cat. £800. Photo.

Tonga: 1896 (May) Typewritten Surcharges, Tongan Surcharge Reading Upwards, 1/2d. on 11/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12 x 11 block of twelve being the lower two rows of the right-hand pane, mint with backing paper adhesions, a rare and attractive multiple showing range of surcharge positioning. S.G. 36B, cat. £5,400+. Photo.

Tonga: 1896 (May) Typewritten Surcharges, Tongan Surcharge Reading Upwards, 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12 x 11, variety stops instead of hyphens, part original gum, small ink corrosion holes otherwise fine. R.P.S. certificate (2005) S.G. 37Bd, cat. £1,100. Photo.

Tonga: 1896 (May) Typewritten Surcharges, Tongan Surcharge Reading Upwards, 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12 x 11 complete pane of 24 with selvedge three sides, backing paper adhering to reverse, many showing evidence of Tongan surcharge double, [R. 1/1] showing comma instead of hyphen after ''Penny'', [R. 3/1] with ''f'' typed over ''c'', [R. 3/5] with ''e'' typed over ''y'', fresh and very rare. S.G. 37B, g, cat. £2,705+. Photo.

Tonga: 1896 (May) Typewritten Surcharges, Tongan Surcharge Reading Upwards, 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12, unused, the lower frameline broken below ''UA'', slight imperfections but good appearance. Clear R.P.S. certificate (2000) S.G. 37Bp, cat. £800+. Photo.

Tonga: 1896 (May) Typewritten Surcharges, Tongan Surcharge Reading Upwards, 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12, showing stop after ''Half'' and comma after ''Penny'', large part original gum, slight natural thinnings but very scarce. Clear B.P.A. certificate (1985) S.G. 37Bp var. Photo.

Tonga: 1896 (May) Typewritten Surcharges, Tongan Surcharge Reading Upwards, 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12 x 11 block of four, the upper left stamp [R. 2/2] showing deformed ''E'' in ''PENI'' and spaced ''e n'' in typewritten surcharge, mint, the upper pair with part original gum, some tone spots, the variety with small thin on reverse nevertheless attractive and scarce. S.G. 37B, var.

Tonga: 1896 (May) Typewritten Surcharges, 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. pale blue, perf. 12 x 11 selection mint or unused with backing paper adhering, comprising Tongan Surcharge reading downwards mint (2), Tongan Surcharge Upwards blocks of four, one corner marginal, both showing deformed ''E'' in ''PENI'' [R. 2/2], pair one showing broken frame below ''UA'', and three singles (one showing kiss-print doubling with R.P.S. certificate, 2000), a few minor stains etc. but chiefly good to fine. (15) S.G. 37A, 37B.

Tonga: 1897 Pictorials, Plate Proofs, imperf. in issued colours, 1/2d., 1d. and 2d. corner marginal blocks of four, 21/2d. upper marginal block of four, one showing missing fraction bar in ''1/2'' [R. 2/10], all on watermarked wove paper. (16) Photo.

Tonga: 1897 Pictorials, Plate Proofs, imperf. in issued colours, 1d., 3d., 2s. and 2s.6d. on unwatermarked wove paper, 2d. and 21/2d. (marginal) pairs on watermarked wove paper. (8) Photo.

Tonga: 1897 Pictorials, Sample Proofs (1922 ca.), selection comprising imperf. 1/2d. orange, 6d. chocolate, 2s.6d. purple-black (thinned on reverse) and 5s. on thick wove paper, each overprinted ''SPECIMEN'' (Samuel type DS1), imperf. 1/2d., 6d. and 2s.6d. in black, 4d. black and grey, 6d. chocolate (creased corner), 5s. black and blue-green, perf. 14 1/2d. orange (trimmed at left) and 5s. blue-green and grey-brown without overprint, also the issued stamps. (17)

Tonga: 1897 Pictorials, 71/2d. black and green, variety centre inverted, mint, slight gum bends. One sheet of sixty discovered in 1900. A key item of Tongan Philately. B.P.A. certificate (1961) S.G. 48a, cat. £9,000. Photo.

Tonga: 1899 Royal Wedding, Trial overprint at local printing office of Tongan Government Gazette on 1d., horizontal pair with large part original gum (some gum thins), showing trials of proposed overprint with small (double impression) and large serifed capital letters respectively, all inverted. Photo.

Tonga: 1894 (Oct. 15) 'Walker' cover from Nukualofa to Sydney franked by (June-Nov.) 21/2d. on 8d. mauve, with Oct. 23 arrival backstamp, slight stains. Photo.

Tonga: 1894 (Oct. 30) envelope to London endorsed ''via N.Z.'' and locally redirected, franked by 1892 1d. bright rose vertical pair with lower margin and showing striking misaligned comb perforation between, with 1894 (June-Nov.) 1/2d. on 1s. brown, Auckland transit and Dec. 17 arrival backstamps. Photo.

Tonga: 1894 (Oct. 1) 'Walker' cover registered to Sydney bearing (June-Nov.) 21/2d. on 8d. mauve (2, one further adhesive detached), showing ''R'' in circle and violet registration oval, officially resealed by two diamond shaped ''REGISTRATION BRANCH/G.P.O., Sydney,/New South Wales'' labels having been apparently received in damaged state or suspected of containing material liable to duty, some toning etc. but a most interesting item. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (Jan. 7) 'Walker' cover to Sydney franked by (June-Nov.) 21/2d. on 8d. mauve, damaged corner due to missing perf. pin, tied by Nukualofa c.d.s. with large ''95'' year date (corrected by Mar. 21), backstamped Auckland Jan. 12 and Jan. 21 arrival. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (Apr.) cover from Haapai to Germany franked by (June-Nov.) 21/2d. on 8d. mauve tied by ''F-I/HAAPAI'' c.d.s. (day date omitted, year slug and day date position), sent via Imperial German Post Office with Neiafu/Vavau Apr. 27 transit, scarce framed ''BEZAHLT/Kaiserl Deitsche Postagentur/Apia-23-5-1885'' provisional datestamp and Essen June 23 arrival on reverse, slight staining from additional gumming, two minor wormholes, scarce. The German Post Office in Apia had been destroyed by fire on Apr. 1 1895 and the temporary datestamp was employed until Sept. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (June 20) envelope to Capt. Herrold near Auckland, bearing 1895 (June) 1/2d. on 21/2d. [pos. 12] and two 1d. on 21/2d. [pos. 9, 20] paying U.P.U. rate although 1/2d. on 21/2d. has been previously cancelled (for reasons unknown), some foxing, June 25 arrival backstamp. The earliest known date of usage. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (June 20) Union Castle Steamship Co. envelope to Capt. Herrold near Auckland, bearing 1895 (June) 1/2d. on 21/2d. [R. 1/5] and 1d. on 21/2d. [R. 4/6], slight creasing at top with one adhesive (probably a second 1d. on 21/2d.) removed, June 25 arrival backstamp. The earliest known date of usage. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (Aug. 20) envelope from the Haverporth correspondence from Vavau to Germany franked (May) 21/2d. on 2d. pale blue, with Nukulaofa Aug. 21 (unusually struck in violet) and San Francisco transits, Essen Oct. 11 arrival on reverse, two minor wormholes, scarce. Ex Peach. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (Sept. 19) envelope registered from Nukualofa to Wellington bearing 1895 (May) 1d. on 2d. to 71/2d. on 2d. set of four neatly cancelled with lightly struck registration oval in violet at left, Auckland Sept. 27 transit and Oct. 1 arrival on reverse. Photo.

Tonga: 1895 (Sept. 19) envelope registered to Wellington bearing 1895 (June) 1/2d. on 21/2d. [R. 2/5], 1d. on 21/2d. [R. 2/6] and 71/2d. on 21/2d. [R. 2/1] set of three, fine violet registration oval at left, Auckland Sept. 27 transit and Oct. 1 arrival backstamps. Photo.

Tonga: 1896, 1897, three covers (some faults) franked by 1895 21/2d., the first 1896 (Jan.) to Sydney with 21/2d. cancelled by double line rectangular framed ''LOOSE LETTER'' Auckland mark (rare early use), (Aug. 19) to Germany and 1897 (Mar. 7) to Sydney, both with Nukualofa c.d.s. showing year date omitted.

Tonga: 1896 (Nov. 20) scarce inter-island cover from Haapai to Vavau franked 1895 21/2d. cancelled by second type ''HAAPIA'' c.d.s. with ''NV'' for ''NO'' month date, Vavau Nov. 23 arrival c.d.s. (with month ''11'' in numerals) on reverse. Photo.

Tonga: 1897 (Jan. 2) envelope to Capt. Herrold near Auckland bearing 1896 Tongan surcharge reading upwards 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. vertical strip of four from the foot of the pane [pos. 1, 7, 13, 19] and single [pos. 8], the Tongan surcharge significantly misplaced to left resulting in ''V'' omitted on [1], at top on others, and impressed on lower selvedge, tied by superb Nukualofa c.d.s's with Jan. 7 arrival backstamp. Photo.

Tonga: 1898 (Jan. 18) 'Bickel' envelope registered to Germany bearing 1895 (June) surcharge set of three (the 71/2d. on 21/2d. showing 'missing eyebrow'), (July-Sept.) 1d. to 71/2d. set of four, individually cancelled by Nukualofa c.d.s's with year date omitted, with violet oval registration handstamp and New York label below, transit and Weinböhla Mar. 1 arrival backstamps. Photo.

Tonga: 1898 (Jan. 18) envelope registered to London, franked 1897 Pictorial 1s. with registration oval in violet and New York label at left, Feb. 28 arrival below, San Francisco and New York transits on reverse. Photo.

Tonga: 1898 (Dec. 3) 'Köster' cover registered from Nukualofa to Germany, redirected locally, bearing 1897 Pictorial 71/2d., 10d., 1s. and 2s. with ''R'' in circle and violet registration oval below, transit and arrival backstamps. Photo.

Tonga: 1900 (Oct. 8) stationery envelope and enclosed letter written and signed by Dr. Donald McLennan, Medical Director for the Government of Tonga, registered to New York, unusually without registration cachet, bearing Pictorial 1/2d. strip of three and 10d. [pos. 7] showing two small ''O'' in ''HOGOFULU'', San Francisco Nov. 16 transit on reverse. Photo.

Tonga: 1905 (Apr. 15) two small 'Kinze' covers registered from Nukualofa to Germany, one bearing 1d., 2d. and 10d., the other with 21/2d., 3d. and 71/2d., the 21/2d. showing variety no fraction bar in ''1/2'' [R. 2/10], both covers with ''R'' in circle and violet registration handstamps, backstamped Auckland, Napoli, Amb. Bologna-Ala and Radebeul June 12 arrival. Photo.

Tonga: 1917 (Aug. 24) long envelope registered to Fiji bearing 1897 Pictorial 1d., 2d.., 71/2d., 2s. and 5s., with Nukualofa oval and rectangular framed Suva registration markings, Sept. 4 arrival c.d.s. Photo.

Tonga: 1924 (Apr. 14) envelope registered to Kansas bearing 1897 Pictorial 1/2d., 4d. and 1899 Royal Wedding 1d. (affixed inverted) with Nukulaofa registration oval at left. Photo.

Tonga: 1920-35 Progressive Die Proof of Queen Salote head vignette with mouth unfinished etc., in black on thin glazed card (36 x 48mm). Photo.

Tonga: 1920-35, Imperf. sample proof of 1s. in black and green, issued colour combination of 71/2d., overprinted ''SPECIMEN'' (Samuel type DS1), 1/2d. to 1s. issued stamp set of nine overprinted or perforated ''SPECIMEN'' (types D9, D12a, D19, D20), mainly fine with gum. (10) Photo.

Tonga: 1920-35, Imperf. sample proof of 1s. in black and green, issued colour combination of 71/2d., a horizontal pair affixed to card, both overprinted ''SPECIMEN'' (Samuel type DS1). Photo.

Tonga: 1920 to 1949 Queen Salote design, plated study in a boxed F.G. Popular album, mostly in mint multiples, with identified shades and printings, plate flaws and retouches, comprising 1920-35 Watermark Turtles 11/2d. (156), 2d. (217), 21/2d. black and blue (60), 21/2d. ultramarine (176, incl. two with major retouch [R. 1/1]), 5d. (60), 71/2d. (71), 10d. (120, incl. two both ''O''s small [R. 1/7] and two small second ''O'' [R. 2/7] varieties), 1s. (60), Watermark Mult. Script CA 2d. (92), 21/2d. (103), 1s. (132), mainly good to fine. Ex Eric Mann.

Tonga: 1923-24 ''TWO PENCE'' Surcharges, 2d. on 5d. to 2d. on 5s. (2) mint, also 2d. on 10d. strip of three with one showing dramatic 'tissue' variety, 2d. on 1s. variety no hyphen before ''TAHA'' [R. 3/5] with R.P.S. certificate (1993), backing paper adhering to reverse. (11) S.G. 64-70, 66 var., 67a. Photo.

Tonga: 1923-24 ''TWO PENCE'' Surcharges, plated study of mainly mint multiples with identified plate flaws and retouches, comprising 2d. on 5d. (134, incl. four blocks of thirty), 2d. on 71/2d. (6, incl. marginal block of four), 2d. on 10d. four blocks of four incl. small second ''O'' and both ''O''s small varieties, 2d. on 1s. (16, incl. corner block of twelve with backing paper adhering and two used singles), 2d. on 5s. (60, upper and lower halves of sheet), mainly good to fine. Ex Eric Mann.

Tonga: Collection of commemorative issues from 1938 to 1963 in an album, with mint sets, f.d.s's with some cancellation interest, varieties, 1938 Anniversary of Accession set perforated ''SPECIMEN'', 1944 Silver Jubilee set perforated ''SPECIMEN'' and set in top row strips of ten, the 2d. and 3d. values showing part impressions of collar from K.G.VI head vignette in upper margin, 1950 Queen's 50th Birthday set on album page signed by Queen Salote with background letters, 1961 Postal Service in blocks of thirty, etc. mainly fine.

Tonga: 1951 Waterlow Die Proof of Queen Salote head vignette, in dark blue on surfaced wove paper (70 x 75mm). Photo.

Tonga: 1953 Definitives, selection in an album, incl. set in unmounted mint marginal blocks of four, 31/2d. 'confetti' flaw used, f.d.c's, covers incl. 1955 registered to U.S.A. signed by Queen Salote, etc. (72+ 9 covers)

Tonga: 1962 Centenary of Emancipation 1s., variety overprint inverted, unmounted mint and used examples, fine. One half sheet of thirty of the 1s. showing the variety had arrived on the M.V. ''Aoniu'', all but two of which were used on f.d.c's. This used example has been removed from one such f.d.c and the unmounted mint example is one of the two mint survivors. S.G. 125a, cat. Photo.

Tonga: 1962 Centenary of Emancipation 1s., variety overprint inverted, marginal from the top of the sheet, unmounted mint. R.P.S, certificate (2004) notes (harshly) ''foxing at top left''. S.G. 125a, cat. £450. Photo.

Tonga: 1962 Centenary of Emancipation 1s., variety overprint inverted, used with five other low values on f.d.c. to Scotland, tied by lightly struck Vavau Feb. 8 c.d.s's, with ms. note on reverse signed by Master of the D.V. ''Hifofua'' confirming arrival of the issue on that date. One half sheet of thirty of the 1s. showing the variety had arrived on the M.V. ''Aoniu'', all but two of which were used on f.d.c's. S.G. 120-24, 125a. Photo.

Tonga: 1962 Centenary of Emancipation, study in an album, incl. Government Gazette announcement (4), proof of Postage overprint in black, setting of thirty on greyish laid paper, Official Airmail overprint in red on white laid paper, wide format setting of thirty for 2d., 5d. and 1s. on white laid paper, narrow format setting of thirty in red on tracing paper, overprint flaws in multiples, unmounted mint sets (74) in blocks and sheets, varieties incl. 5s. overprint inverted [R. 3/3] unmounted mint, f.d.c's, official airmail overprint set unmounted mint (some stains), scarce usage on O.H.M.S. covers and used multiples incl. 10s. marginal blocks of four and eight, £1 single and corner pair.

Tonga: 1963 to 1971, specialised collection of gold and palladium foil self-adhesive issues on leaves and loose, some duplication, incl. 1963 Gold Coinage, both dies, 1965 Surcharges, 1968 50th Birthday, used on covers incl. commercial, varieties incl. inverted backing papers, proofs incl. 1963 in gold (11), range of bicoloured proofs in unissued colours and showing other sides of coins from issued, progressive proofs in gold or gold and purple, each in a block of four on chalk-surfaced paper, 1965 4s.6d. on 2s.4d. larger surcharge die (one of fifteen known), 4s.6d. on 2s.4d. and 4s.6d. on 2s.9d. with surcharge partially double (both with R.P.S. certificate, 1997), also a most unusual selection of eighteen empty boxes and presentation containers as supplied by the printers or philatelic bureau to hold the adhesives. Photo.

Tonga: 1969 South Pacific Games Field and Track Trials, 10s.on 1s. showing surcharge/overprint dramatically misplaced downwards, rare block of four from the top of the only known sheet, unmounted mint, fine. S.G. 258 var. Photo.

Tonga: 1969 South Pacific Games Field and Track Trials, 10s. on 1s. showing surcharge/overprint dramatically misplaced downwards, rare block of four from the the upper left corner of the only known sheet, with normal for comparison, unmounted mint, fine. S.G. 258, var. Photo.

Tonga: 1969 South Pacific Games Field and Track Trials, Air 8s. on 8d. variety smaller (111/2mm) surcharge as intended for 6s. on 6d., lower right corner marginal block of four, with normal 6s. on 6d. and 8s. on 8d. for comparison, unmounted mint, fine. S.G. 263, 265, a, cat. £560+. Photo.

Tonga: Issues from 1969 Banana coils to 1997, the comprehensive collection in fourteen albums, with sets and multiples, 1970 Red Cross, 1973 Cook's Visit, Scouting Jubilee, 1974 Royal Marine Institute in pairs, 1979-82 Airs, f.d.c's, Officials with 1980 redrawn 5s. (2, one on Birds of the World card), proofs, specimens and varieties etc. incl. 1970 Coconut coil 6s. proofs (6, all known colours), 1974 Parrot airs set of four perfin ''WSP/SPECIMEN'' in pairs, Official 1974 Royal Marine Institute 35s. black omitted, 1981 Royal Wedding $1.50 corner pair with imperf. backing paper, etc. mainly fine.

Tonga: 1969 Banana coils, set of five values each in a dispensing book of 200 (unchecked), 1s. box a little compressed otherwise mostly fine and unusual. S.G. 280-84.

Tonga: 1978 (Feb.) Provisional surcharges, Air 17s. on 9s. variety surcharge double, a vertical pair from the top of the sheet, fine. S.G. 646a, cat. £300+. Photo.

Tonga: 1987 to 1999, selection of artwork by designer Clive Abbott for 1987 Canoe Race, 1991 Accident Prevention and 1999 Early Explorers issues incl. miniature sheet and f.d.c. envelope.

Tonga: The balance collection in one album, a stockbook and loose, incl. 1887 four page letter from Vavau, stamp issues from 1886 with 1886-88 1d. (3), 2d. (5), 6d. (4), 1s. (7, incl. mint marginal pair), 1891 4d. on 1d. block of twelve, 8d. on 2d. (2, one with short ''T''), 1892 shades to 1s. unused, 1893 (Aug.) surcharges in carmine mint, (Nov.) surcharges in black unused (2) and used, 1894 (June-Nov.) 21/2d. on 1s. (2) mint, 1895 (May) surcharges, (June) 1/2d. on 21/2d. ''SURCHARCE'' mint and in unused pair, (July-Sept.) to 71/2d. unused (2) and used (3), 1896 (May) Tongan surcharge reading downwards 1/2d. on 11/2d. on 2d. and reading upwards 1/2d. on 71/2d. on 2d. unused, ranges of 1897 Pictorials with multiples, set to 5s. with 1d. 'lopped branch' (2, gum toned) and 2d. (both types) and 6d. blocks of four mint, 1899 Royal Wedding 1d. mint (2), used (2), Queen Salote issues with retouches, 1942 mint values to 2s.6d. (5, incl. block of four), 5s. (15, incl. blocks of six and eight), some cancellation interest, Officials with 1893 (Dec.) surcharges mint, also 1947 U.P.U. Congress presentation folder, Ottmar Zieher 'stamps' postcard unused (2) and used 1909 from Vavau, ephemera with Tongan passport, driving licence, fiscal documents, etc., fair to fine.

Tonga: 1921 to 1929, selection of six registered philatelic covers bearing Queen Salote portrait issues, incl. two 'Wilson', two 'Iremonger' (one from Haapai), one 'Kiderlen', variously bearing values to 1s. (2) and another from Vavau to Surrey with 1s. block of four.

Tonga: 1924, four covers bearing 1923-24 2d. surcharges, comprising two commercial covers to the Pacific Trading Co. in Auckland franked 2d. on 10d., registered cover to Los Angeles from the Postmaster at Nukualofa with 2d. on 2s.6d. and 1d. on 5s., and registered 'Tubb' cover to Sydney bearing marginal 2d. on 2s.6d. block of four.

Tonga: 1927 to 1939, four covers bearing Salote 2d., comprising 1927 Haapai to Germany, 1939 Vavau to Chicago, a few tone spots, 1931 registered from Haapai to Seattle with 2d. pair, and 1939 to Sydney with large Niuatobutabu c.d.s.

Tonga: 1945 to 1953, an interesting selection of eleven covers and cards bearing Salote and Pictorial issues, variously addressed, incl. 1945 Vavau to Scotland bearing 5s., 1948 unusually addressed and underpaid to the British Zone in Germany bearing 1/2d. and 1d. with ''DOUBLE/DEFICIENCY POSTAGE'' handstamp (ms. ''2d'' added), 1952 two cards to Cheshire with Salote 2d. cancelled by Bombay Foreign Paquebot and Port Said c.d.s's respectively, 1952 registered airmail to Switzerland with 6d. and 2s.6d., the latter additionally tied by violet ''AV/2'' in double circle.

Tonga: Commercial mail, an exceptional collection of covers from 1946 to 1989 in four albums and loose, apparently all commercial usage, variously franked with a range of rates incl. many issues scarce on cover, variously addressed with the majority to England, incl. registered, aerogrammes, O.H.M.S. incl. stampless with cachets and Official Paid marks, etc.

Tonga: Auction catalogues, 1962 to 2000, selection of 52 auction catalogues in a carton, all containing lots or sections of Tonga material, incl. British Empire, Robson Lowe (1962), James H. Abbott, Harmers 1968, Sir Lacon Threlford Fiji & Tonga, Harmers (1975), Howard-White Pacific Islands, Harmers (1985), Australasia (incl. Floyd Fitzpatrick), Christies RL (1991), Stamps & Postal History (incl. 'Lavinia'), Christies Melbourne (1993), All World (incl. Frank Peach), Cavendish 1996, etc.

Tonga: Royal Family, selection incl. two covers hand-addressed and 1958 two page letter in Tongan handwritten and signed by Queen Salote, also letters and covers from the Royal Palace, 1984 to 1994, seven Christmas cards (five with envelope) from King Taufa'ahau IV Issues, album page with photograph signed by the King, etc.

Tonga: Officials: 1893 (Feb.) ''G.F.B.'' Overprint 1d. to 1s. set of imperf. plate proofs in issued ultramarine with overprint in red, inverted on 1d., each in a vertical pair. (10) S.G. O1p-O5p. Photo.

Tonga: Officials: 1893 (Feb.) ''G.F.B.'' Overprint 1d. to 1s. set mint, 2d. and 4d. cancelled F-I Haapai Oct. 3 1893, (Dec.) Surcharge set of five mint or unused, 10d. on 1s. used, some heavy mounts otherwise mostly fine. (13) S.G. O1-O10, cat. £665.

Tonga: Officials: 1893 (Dec.) Surcharges, 1/2d. on 1d. mint block of eight (4 x 2) from the top right corner of the pane, slight faults, 21/2d. on 2d. mint block of four, a little heavily mounted and two with small thins, 5d. on 4d. right marginal block of eight (2 x 4), fine. S.G. O6, O7, O8, cat. £592+. Photo.

Tonga: Officials: 1893 (Dec.) Surcharges, both types of surcharge shown on 1/2d. on 1d. mint pair, 21/2d. on 2d. block of four (thinnings on reverse), 5d. on 4d. mint pair, 71/2d. on 8d. unused pair and 10d. on 1s. mint pair, most fine. (12) S.G. O6-O10, cat. £388+.

Tonga: Official Stamps: Forgeries of the George I issue with added fake ''G.F.B.'' overprint (10) 'unused' or 'used', also five unoverprinted (one imperf.) and three photographic prints from Sperati's negatives of his forgery 'proofs'. (19 items)

Tonga: Officials: 1967 Decimal Currency 1p. on 5s. unmounted mint block of ten, two rows of the sheet with margins and one showing variety ''AIRMAIL'' above ''OFFICIAL'' [R. 8/3], fine. S.G. O21, a, cat. £252+.

Tonga: Officials: 1969 Oil Search Air 90s. on £1 and 1p.10 in £1, matching upper right corner marginal blocks of six (2 x 3) both blocks incl. variety ''1966'' for ''1969'' [R. 3/5], also later matching blocks after correction, unmounted mint, some minor bends otherwise fine. (24) S.G. O37, a, O38, a, cat. £388+.

Tonga: Official Mail: 1893 (Mar. 16) large O.H.T.M.S. envelope (262 x 122mm, slightly foreshortened at left) registered to Wellington, New Zealand, franked by 1892 6d. yellow-orange block of four and 1s. brown vertical pair tied by scarce Nukualofa duplexes with purple registration oval (numbered ''97'' in ms.) despatch and Auckland Mar. 23 transit at left, next day arrival backstamp, some creasing. Photo.

Tonga: Official Mail: 1900 (Sept. 17) stampless O.H.T.M.S. envelope (147 x 92mm) to Auckland showing superb strike of ''TONGA GOVERNMENT/HAAPAI'' Frank with Haapai despatch c.d.s. and scarce double oval datestamp ''H.M. CUSTOMS/16 AUG 1900/LIFUKA HAAPAI'' in violet, and additional strike, Nukualofa ''SP 22 00'' transit (month/day transposed) and Sept. 28 arrival datestamps being on reverse, a few trivial tones. Photo.

Tonga: Official Mail: 1901 (Feb. 13) O.H.T.M.S. envelope (147 x 92mm) registered from Nukualofa to London bearing 1897 1s. with New York registration label alongside, Apr. 4 arrival at left, transit and arrival backstamps. Photo.

Tonga: Official Mail: 1908 (July 18) O.H.T.M.S. envelope from Niuafo'ou to Nukualofa with despatch c.d.s. and July 31 arrival backstamp, initialled and dated, vertical folds. A very early date for an item from Niuafo'ou, believed to be the second earliest. Photo.

Tonga: Official Mail: 1911 (Aug. 1) postal stationery ''3'' on 4d. registered envelope, 1908 type H2, to Paris with fair strike of Government Frank, initialled at left with Nukualofa despatch and registration oval, Auckland transit and Sept. 16 arrival on reverse, slight stains. H&G 13. Photo.

Tonga: Official Mail: Collection from 1900 to 1978 in two albums, with a range of Official Paid marks and cachets, incl. O.H.M.S. envelopes 1900 to Ohio, 1908 and 1914 to Sydney, 1938 to Ontario, 1910 registered envelope to Auckland, each with Government Frank, 1949, 1956 and 1961 with British Consulate, Tonga cachet, 1900 O.H.T.M.S. to Dunedin with Collector of Customs, Tonga cachet, also Money Order Dept. datestamps, departmental cachets and instructional markings.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Appendix sheet (151 x 275mm) ex De La Rue archives, endorsed and dated ''11th Novr. 1910/Fiji (Tonga)/Req. 102/10'' with proof examples of the 1911 post card and letter card without impressed stamp, also associated ex-archival card samples (5) with pictorial vignettes, one endorsed ''Quality of card'' in ms. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Post Cards: 1911 1d. die proof in black on glazed paper (33 x 41mm) initialled ''E.D.R.'' (Evelyn De La Rue) and on reverse dated ''3.1.1911'' in manuscript, rare. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Post Cards: 1911 Pictorial 1d. issue, views in black, the set of ten cards with additional, comprising nos. 5 and 7 overprinted ''SPECIMEN'', nos. 1, 3, 4 (2), 5, 6, 7, 8 (2), 9 (2) and 10 (2) unused, no. 2 pre-cancelled in 1912, no. 1 used 1914 to Melbourne, no. 2 1923 to Christchurch, no. 3 1913 Vavau (originating from Haapai) to Germany, no. 6 1913 to Sydney and no. 7 1912 to Germany, good to fine. (21 cards) H&G 2.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Post Cards: 1911 Pictorial 1d. issue, views in sepia, the set of ten cards with additional, comprising no. 1 overprinted ''SPECIMEN'', nos. 1, 5 (2), 6, 8 (2), 9 and 10 (2) unused, nos. 4, 6 pre-cancelled, no. 1 used 1912 to Zurich, no. 2 1913 to Birmingham, no. 3 to Belgium, no. 7 1911 to Fiji and registered 1924 from Vavau to Belgium, no. 9 1923 to Surrey (vertical crease) and registered 1923 from Haapai to Belgium. (19 cards) H&G 2b.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Letter Cards: 1911 11/2d. die proof in black on thin card (45 x 38mm) dated ''Jan 3rd 1911'' in manuscript, also progress proof of the letter card ex De La Rue archives, prior to addition of ''TONGA'' inscription and with pink painted rectangle in place of stamp impression, first type wording on reverse, obverse inscription lettering and perforation lines later altered. (2 items) Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Letter Cards: 1911 11/2d., ''IF USED FOR TRANSMISSION ...'' inscription on reverse, overprinted ''SPECIMEN'', 11/2d. ''SHOULD ANY OTHER MATTER ...'' inscription, examples unused and two used, the first 1938 (Oct. 12) unusually registered to South Africa bearing Accession Anniversary set on day of issue with message signed by Chief Justice Will Stuart, written on outside explaining that stuck down selvedge gum now prevented the cards being opened, the second 1939 (Oct. 13) to London (redirected to Edinburgh) with printed Seasonal Greeting message from Stuart and his wife on reverse. (4 items) H&G 1s, 2. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Letter Cards: 1911 11/2d., ''IF USED FOR TRANSMISSION ...'' inscription on reverse, overprinted ''SPECIMEN'', 11/2d. ''SHOULD ANY OTHER MATTER ...'' inscription, examples unused and two used, the first most unusually registered 1912 to Germany with two added adhesives removed, the second sent 1939 (Jan. 23) from Nukualofa to Staffordshire with added 1/2d. (4 items) H&G 1s, 2. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Letter Cards: 1911 11/2d., ''IF USED FOR TRANSMISSION ...'' inscription on reverse, extremely rare used example, possibly unique, sent from Nukualofa 1911 (May 13) addressed to Hamilton Hunter C.M.G., former British Agent and Consul, in London with interesting message inside referring to the Kautaha affair, written and signed by government auditor Thomas V. Roberts, a little very faint foxing. H&G 1. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1892 (Feb. 4) 6d. envelope, 1891 size G, used to Auckland bearing 1891 4d. on 1d. and 8d. on 2d. tied by fine ''F-I/NUKUALOFA'' duplex, the former additionally just tied by Feb. 9 arrival c.d.s., with Nukualofa first type registration cachet (numbered ''56'' in ms.) in violet at left, ''R'' in circle, Apr. 5 Auckland transit, backstamped Braunschweig May 16 arrival, slightly trimmed and stained. H&G 1. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1892 (Mar. 23) 6d. envelope, 1891 size G, used to Auckland bearing 1887 2d. pale violet, perf. 12 x 111/2, tied by ''F-I/HAAPAI'' c.d.s., with Haapai first type registration cachet (numbered ''15'' in ms.) in red at left, and Apr. 5 arrival c.d.s., unusually travelling via Vavau with ''NEIAFU/VAVAU'' Mar. 23 transit on reverse, very slight foxing. H&G 1. Ex Fitzpatrick. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1892 (Mar. 30) 6d. envelope, 1891 size G, used to Germany bearing 1887 2d. pale violet, perf. 12 x 111/2, tied by ''F-I/NUKUALOFA'' duplex, with pale Nukualofa first type registration cachet (numbered ''103'' in ms.) in violet at left, ''R'' in circle, Apr. 5 Auckland transit, backstamped Braunschweig May 16 arrival, slightly trimmed and stained. H&G 1. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1892 (Sept. 12) 4d. envelope, 1892 size G, used to Suva, Fiji, bearing 1886-88 2d. bright violet horizontal pair, perf. 121/2, and 1892 6d. yellow-orange tied by F-I Nukulaofa duplex and F-I Tonga c.d.s., slightly trimmed at right, opened for display. H&G 4. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1893 (Feb. 12) 4d. envelope, 1892 size G, used to Otago, New Zealand, bearing 1892 6d. yellow-orange cancelled by F-I Nukualofa duplex with Auckland Feb. 27 transit at right, a very scarce stamp on cover. H&G 4. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1893 (May 31) 4d. envelope, 1893 size H2, used to Melbourne, bearing 1892 6d. yellow-orange and 1d. pale rose (2, one diagonally bisected), tied by F-I Nukualofa duplexes with June 20 arrival backstamp. Posted on the day prior to enforcement of U.P.U. rates. R.P.S. certificate (1992) H&G 8. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1894 (Oct. 31) 4d. envelope, 1893 (Jan.) size G, addressed to Capt. Herrold near Auckland bearing 1894 21/2d. on 8d. mauve showing variety no stop after ''SURCHARGE'', cancelled by fine second type Nukulaofa c.d.s. R.P.S. certificate (2008) H&G 6. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1895 (Feb. 13) 4d. envelope, 1893 (Jan.) size G, used to Sydney bearing 1894 21/2d. on 1s. deep green tied by second type Nukulaofa c.d.s. with Auckland Feb. 19 transit and Feb. 25 arrival on reverse. H&G 6. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1905 (Aug. 12) 4d. envelope, 1901 (Mar.) size G, used from Nukualofa to Karlsbad, Austria (now Czech Republic) bearing 1897 Pictorial 21/2d. with fine registration oval at left, Auckland Aug. 16 transit and Sept. 26 arrival c.d.s on reverse. H&G 9. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1911 (Jan. 26) rare ''THREE/PENCE'' on ''FOUR/PENCE'' envelope, 1908 size G, locally addressed bearing 1897 Pictorial 2d. tied by fine Nukulaofa c.d.s. with small registration oval at left. One of just two recorded examples. Ex Peach. H&G 14. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1920 (Mar. 20) 3d. envelope, 1920 size G, used from Nukualofa unusually to Wenchow, China bearing 1897 Pictorial 1d. and 21/2d. with registration oval and Shanghai Apr. 16 c.d.s. at left, Wenchow arrival on reverse. H&G 19. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1937 (Jan. 11) 3d. envelope, unlisted size G type in blue without imprint, Arms on flap inverted, used to Germany bearing Salote 21/2d. tied by Haapai c.d.s. with registration label at left, Stuttgart Feb. 17 arrival on reverse, additionally sealed by brown paper tape. Believed unique. H&G 20 var. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1945 (May 1) 3d. envelope, unlisted size G type in black, horizontal and vertical lines both short, used to Auckland bearing Salote 71/2d. tied by Nukulaofa c.d.s., endorsed and signed on reverse by Chief Medical Officer H.G. Brown. H&G 21 var. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: 1946 to 1961, 3d. envelope size G printed in shades of blue (4), three with flap on top (two with William Finau cachets) comprising 1946 to Ohio bearing 3d., 1946 to Canada bearing 21/2d. and with ''TO BE TRANSFERRED TO CUSTOMS'' label on reverse, and 1953 to Virginia with 4d. and 2s., the other with flap at right, sent 1961 to California bearing 5d. and 8d. H&G 21, a, var. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Registered Envelopes: The mainly unused study collection in one album, incl. 1891 6d. (2), 1892 (Jan.) reprint, (July) 6d. (4), all size G, (July) 6d. size H2 (2), (Sept.) 4d. size G (5, one ungummed possibly of proof status), 1893 (Jan.) 4d. (2), (Apr.) 4d. sizes G and H2 (2), the very rare 1908 ''THREE/PENCE'' on ''FOURPENCE'', ''THREE/PENCE'' on ''FOUR/PENCE'' and ''THREE'' on ''FOUR/PENCE'', 1909 3d. (2, one used to Germany with stamp removed), 1914 3d., later blue printings, etc., good to fine. (31)

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Local Stationery, 1891 1d. Envelope Letter: Die proof of 'collar' design in black on glazed paper (128 x 152mm), one of just six impressions taken from original boxwood woodcut. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Local Stationery, 1891 1d. Envelope Letter: Examples unused and used 1892 to Fogoloa with message in Samoan, written Feb. 27 and Nukualofa c.d.s. of Mar. 2 on reverse. A most attractive example of a very rare postal stationery item, fewer than ten commercially used items having been recorded. Ex Peach. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Local Stationery, 1891 1d. Envelope Letter: 1894 (Aug. 14) very scarce used example addressed to the Purser of the S.S. ''Upolu'' at Haapai, showing good to fine Government Frank and Nukoalofa depatch c.d.s, cancelled on reverse by duplex, the message within requesting delivery of goods. Photo.

Tonga: Postal Stationery: Local Stationery, 1891(ca.) Proof envelope for unaccepted local Official mail design, inscribed ''TONGA/POSTAGE/OFFICIAL/ONE PENNY'', also three unused examples of the 1891 1d. Envelope Letter, one with faults. (4 items) Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War I: 1916 (Apr. 10) censored cover from Nukualofa, franked 2d. and sent via Samoa where censored by New Zealand military, resealed by plain white label tied by two good to fine strikes of three line ''PASSED BY THE/MILITARY CENSOR/N.Z.'' in violet. Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Civil Censorship: 1941 (Oct. 24) large Banno Brothers envelope registered from Haapai addressed to Osaka, Japan, bearing 1d., 21/2d. pair, showing scarce handstamps ''POSTAL SERVICE SUSPENDED'', three line ''THIS ARTICLE WAS INTERCEPTED/OVERSEAS AND RETURNED TO/NEW ZEALAND'' and boxed ''NOT TRANSMISSIBLE'', all in violet, twice censored and resealed by N.Z. censors' labels and handstamps numbered ''18'' and ''21'', ending in Wellington Dead Letter Office, some creasing but most unusual. Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Civil Censorship: 1942, rare 'set' of type H2 diamond ''PASSED/BY/CENSOR'' numbered handstamps on four covers variously addressed, all resealed by L1a brown label, comprising no. 1 on (Aug. 11) to the police station at Lautoka, Fiji, bearing 21/2d. (2, stained) with label showing ms. ''WW/1'', no. 2 on (May 7) underpaid cover to the Convent of Saint Theresa of Lisieux in Bedford, Mass. with ''T.10'' due mark and additional diamond on reverse, no. 3 on cover to Western Australia (redirected from Perth to Mount Lawley) originating from Lakai Havea on Naui Fo'ou with 21/2d. cancelled Nukualofa July 2 overstruck by Sydney July 17 machine transit, L1a label showing ms. ''WW/3'', and no. 4 on cover (Aug. 7) from Vavau to Utah franked 3d. (4 covers) Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Civil Censorship: 1942 (July 14) to New York and (Oct. 16) to N.S.W., two Tin Can Mail covers from Niuafo'ou with usual cachets, both bearing 21/2d., the former with H3.2 octagonal handstamp showing missing ''P'', believed to be the only recorded example of this variety on outgoing mail, and U.S. resealing label, recognised underpaid with ''T10'' due marking, the latter (slight soiling) censored twice with H3.1 handstamp and L3.2 labels amended in ms. to ''1'', examined and sealed again in Australia, also 1944 incoming cover (with cachets) from New York and undated wrapper from the Smithsonian Institution both addressed to Walter Quenell, the latter showing scarce circular U.S. Censorship V-O red handstamp. (4 items) Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Civil Censorship: 1942 (Aug. 10) underpaid envelope from Vavau to Dunedin, resealed by P.C. 90 label type L3.4 tied by very fine type H3.4 octagonal handstamp, bearing 1d. and with ''Tax 3d'' ms. due marking. The only known example of the octagonal handstamp struck in black. Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Civil Censorship: 1942-43, rare 'set' of type H3 octagonal ''(crown)/PASSED/W.W/'' handstamps on five covers variously addressed franked 21/2d., all (less the second) resealed by type L.3 P.C. 90 numbered label, comprising no. 1 on 1942 (Oct. 1) cover to Hamilton, no. 2 on 1942 (Nov. 14) to Auckland, no. 3 struck over Dept. of Agriculture cachet on 1943 (July 15) O.H.M.S. envelope to San Francisco, no. 4 on 1943 (May 21) cover (staining) to Wellington from the Catholic Mission at Vavau, no. 5 on 1943 (Feb. 15) cover to Sydney, redirected to Auckland. (5 covers) Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Civil Censorship: 1942-45, selection incl. 1942 twice censored cover from England to Tongo (Ghana) missent to Tonga, then Tanga (Tanzania), 1944 (Mar. 26) underpaid cover from Nukuolofa to New York bearing 21/2d. with ms. ''T. 10'' and censored (oddly) in Australia, 1944 (2) or 1945 three registered covers, one to New York with U.S. transparent resealing label, the others to Curacao censored by U.S. censor in Balboa, Canal Zone. (6 items)

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Civil Censorship: 1943 (Mar. 18) registered O.H.M.S. cover to New York (part address erased) bearing 3d., 6d., 1s., censored in Fiji with ''X/ 118'' label, carried by U.S. Naval Air Transport, resealed at U.S. Customs in New York with Duty Free handstamp and P.O. Officially Sealed label, 1945 (Aug. 10) registered cover sent by Father Rogers to Hawaii via Fiji, franked 1/2d., 21/2d., 3d., the cover damaged in transit showing ''Rec'd in bad condition/at Honolulu, Hawaii'' handstamp and repaired by seven P.O. Officially Sealed labels. (2 covers) Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Civil Censorship: 1944-45, five covers from Vavau (3) or Nukalofa variously addressed to England, Wales or U.S.A. (3), each resealed by L3.2 label.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Civil Censorship: 1945, three censored covers resealed by type L3.2 label ''OPENED BY EXAMINER/WW/2'', comprising (Jan. 25) addressed to Queen Salote in Auckland franked 1/2d. with 2d., (Mar. 10) to Massachusetts from St. Theresa's Convent in Mua bearing 11/2d. and 2d., and (May 24) sent by photographer August Hettig to Kentucky franked 1/2d., 21/2d. (3 covers) Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: New Zealand Forces: 1943, first despatch airgraph and accompanying envelope addressed to William Quensell on Niuafo'ou, the message sent from Yorkshire Apr. 2, printed and despatched from Wellington May 6 with Nukualofa May 13 transit and usual range of cachets. One of just two known airgraphs delivered by Tin Can Mail. Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: New Zealand Forces: 1944 (May 31) baggage label addressed to Christchurch, franked by Silver Jubilee 2d. pair and 1s. paying correct rate for parcel weighing between 10oz. and 3lbs., cancelled N.Z.A.P.O. 200 c.d.s's used after official closure by small number of New Zealand forces remaning with Tonga Defence Force, showing signed triangular censor mark at left and ''N.Z.E.F./FIELD/POST OFFICE'' circular cachet, most unusual. Photo.

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: New Zealand Forces: Selection incl. six stampless covers and large piece of canvas wrapping bearing 1s. and Silver Jubilee 2d. pair, variously addressed to New Zealand with triangular censor cachets no. 101, 102, 109, 110 or unclear, one sent by serving Tongan, others by Major W.G.Pinkham, W.A. Meaclem, each with ''N.Z.E.F./FIELD/POST OFFICE'' circular cachet, one annotated ''Tonga/Oct. 43'', also ephemera with 1943 2nd N.Z.E.F., Tonga 1943 printed Christmas cards (3 different, one cyclostyled) ''Scondoers Unlimited'' 1943 and ''Tonga Tatler'' journals, sketch map of Tongatapu on canvas and some cancelled adhesives. (17 items)

Tonga: Censored Mail: World War II: Tonga Defence Force: Unstamped Y.M.C.A. On Active Service envelope sent by L/Brd. A. Topping to the Presbyterian Church Ladies Committee in Dunedin showing fine strike of rare circular ''TONGA/O.H.M.S./DEFENCE FORCE'' cachet in violet, with Nukualofa Oct. 1 1942 c.d.s. and violet boxed ''CENSORED/Signature(signed)'' at left, further strike of the cachet and sender's endorsement on reverse. Photo.

Tonga: Maritime Mail: 1895, cover to the Procureur des Missions in Lyon, bearing three 1895 1d. olive-green, one diagonally bisected, tied by double framed ''PACKET BOAT.'' mark with Auckland Dec. 2 1895, and part excised Colombo and Lyon backstamps. B.P.A. certificate (1983) Photo.

Tonga: Maritime Mail: 1897, fine double framed ''PACKET BOAT.'' mark tying 1897 1s. to long O.H.T.M.S. envelope to Berne, Switzerland, addressed, signed and dated May 14 1897 by Chief Postmaster William Campbell, with Auckland Oct. 16, Colombo Nov. 1 and Bern Nov. 27 arrival backstamps. It is believed that the supply of the 1897 Pictorial issue arrived on the same vessel as departed with these covers (see also previous lot) and that the 1s. was affixed, but left uncancelled, by Campbell as this was eighteen days before the intended date of issue. R.P.S. certificate (1992) Photo.

Tonga: Maritime Mail: 1930 to 1967, selection of mainly covers incl. 1930 from W. Finau in Vavau to Minnesota with single framed ''PAQUEBOT'' bearing 1d. and 2d. pairs cancelled in transit Nov. 19 at Suva, 1932 Union Steam Ship Co. envelope to Auckland bearing 2d. cancelled by ink circle with Apia Jan. 8 c.d.s. alongside, ms. note confirms cancellation applied by steamer's purser, also 3d. pair on foreshortened cover to Samoa (date unclear) and 2d. loose adhesives (3) similarly cancelled, later covers with Paquebot marks dating from 1967. Photo.

Tonga: Tin Can Mail: 1921 envelope with mourning band to Auckland, endorsed ''Per Tin Can/Mail/Niua Fo'ou'' and ''p S.S. Tofua'', bearing 2d. with indistinct cancellation and Apia Sept. 25 transit alongside, initialled ''C.S.R.'' in pencil on reverse. A very early cover, possibly the earliest from this service, its originator, Charles Stuart Ramsay, having arrived on the island in June. Photo.

Tonga: Tin Can Mail: Incoming Mail, 1936 (July 1) O.H.M.S. envelope registered to the Postmaster, Niuafoou from Nukualofa with two light strikes of Government Frank and July 10 arrival, 1937 ''Pacific Islands Monthly'' newspaper wrapper sent from Sydney Feb. 21, signed by Walter Quensell on reverse, both with usual cachets. (2 items) Photo.

Tonga: Tin Can Mail: Censored Mail, two outward and two incoming items, with cachets, comprising 1940 cover (slight faults) to France with P.C.90 label and enclosed cover bearing patriotic message of encouragement signed by Walter Quensell, 1941 registered to U.S.A. with Tongan H2.2 diamond cachets, 1942 from Wellington and 1943 from Maine envelopes to Quensell censored by U.S. authorities. (4 covers)

Tonga: Tin Can Mail: 1946 Evacuation, Two envelopes sent by Postmaster Sione Malekamu to Dr. H.G. Brown at Nukualofua, both signed, the first, believed unique, being an O.H.M.S. (deleted) envelope sent during immediate aftermath of the volcanic eruption and carried by the Tongan government yacht ''Hifofua'' bearing 21/2d. cancelled Sept. 27 on arrival in Nukulaofa with explanatory ms. note ''No/cancelling/stamp/available/Destroyed/in Eruption'', the other with Dec. 21 ms. cancellation tying 11/2d., carried on the M.V. ''Matua'' with purser's datestamp and Dec. 22 arrival on reverse, (Oct. 6) William Finau printed Evacuation envelope with 11/2d. tied by ms. cancellation by the Purser of the ''Hifofua''. (3 covers) Photo.

Tonga: Tin Can Mail: Collection of covers etc. in three albums, various addressed and franked with a full range of colourful cachets incl. specific visits and printed envelopes, with 1930 U.S. Naval Eclipse Expedition (3), 1934 South Seas Exploration Cruise (3), some incoming incl. O.H.M.S. from Nukualofa and Vavau, range of Niufoou cancellations with seven line ''NIUAFOOU'' and ''TIN CAN MAIL'' straight line in violet on 1931 cover to N.S.W. bearing 1897 2d. and 21/2d. and undated cover to Auckland with 1/2d. (4), 1934 scarce c.d.s. with inverted slugs on cover to Christchurch and early ''Canoe mail'' cover to Hawaii, 1935 signed letters (2) from Walter Quensell (one claiming that he started the service in 1919), 1936 uncacheted cover to Australia with signed letter from Postmaster J. Nete explaining cachet payment system, 1937 registered to England with scarce provisional registration label, 1937 'Markle' cartoon covers (2), 1940 Fiji 2d. stationery envelope registered to Sydney with added Tonga 1/2d., 5d., 1946 (Oct. 6), (Dec. 21) Evacuation covers with ms. cancellations, 1957 cover with late use of Service Ended label and Quensell printed reply letter, photographs and ephemera incl. 1958 and 1959 letters written and signed by C.S. Ramsay. Photo.